What are the criteria for diagnosing congenital cryptorchidism in children?

  Patient: My son is now two years old and has congenital cryptorchidism. He visited the hospital in October this year, and the ultrasound did not detect the exact location of the testicle on one side, but only said that a small piece of suspected testicular tissue was seen in the groin. I would like to ask the doctor again. At that time, the doctor said that the testicle located in the stomach is estimated to be stunted and there is no need to take it down and it can be removed. If that is the case, we can do without surgery, why do we need to remove it if it is not well developed. In addition, without surgery, what is the possibility of this cancer?  Expert: First of all, it should be clear that the absence of a testicle detected by ultrasound is not the same as the absence of a still-developing testicle, that is to say, it is not the same as a testicle that is absent or dysplastic, and so far laparoscopic exploration is still the gold standard for diagnosing an untouchable cryptorchid, and ultrasound is not a substitute for laparoscopic exploration. The next question is about the management of dysplastic testes. Is the incidence of secondary tumors in dysplastic testes higher than in normal testes? Both an increased incidence and no significant difference have been reported. However, dysplastic testes located in the abdominal cavity or in the groin are not detected early once the secondary tumor has developed, and from this perspective, it is advantageous to remove the dysplastic testes that are not located in the scrotum. I recommend surgery. Laparoscopic exploration.