Novolin 30R contains 30% short-acting human insulin (RI, soluble insulin) and 70% intermediate-acting insulin (NPH, low arginine zinc insulin). After injecting half an hour before breakfast, 30% of short-acting RI will control blood sugar after breakfast, while 70% of medium-acting N will control blood sugar before and after lunch; after injecting before dinner, it will control blood sugar after dinner and early morning and fasting respectively. Novalax 30 is a biphasic release dosage form of soluble menadione and arginine-conjugated crystalline menadione insulin, which is a mixture of insulin analogues, including 30% soluble menadione insulin, which has a more rapid onset of action than regular soluble human insulin and can therefore be administered closer to meals (0-10 minutes before meals). The other 70% is arginylated menthol insulin, which is similar to medium-acting human insulin in terms of slow release and long duration of action, and can meet the basal insulin requirement. Novalure 30 is closer to the effect of physiological insulin than Novalure 30R. The reason is that human insulin is a 6-membered body, which has to be decomposed into a double body and then into a single body to play the role of insulin in the body, and then it takes a long time to take effect. Menthol insulin is a dimer, so it can take effect as soon as it is broken down into monomers, and the effect time is fast. The peak of blood glucose in human is usually 1.5 hours after meal, which is the same as the peak time of Novalax, so Novalax can better simulate physiological insulin secretion and less likely to cause severe and nocturnal hypoglycemic events. A 3-month clinical trial in type 1 and type 2 diabetes showed that it was as effective as diphasic (premixed) human insulin 30R in glycated hemoglobin control. In terms of drug dosage, menadione insulin was equal to human insulin. In terms of application, Novolin 30R has a long onset of action, so it needs to be injected 30 minutes before a meal. Novalure 30 has a fast onset time, can be injected immediately before meals, and is less likely to have hypoglycemia, which greatly increases the patient’s compliance to treatment. Summary: NovoRx 30 is a product developed by Novo to replace Novolin 30R in the future. Compared with human insulin 30R, NovoRel 30 shows: faster absorption; higher plasma insulin concentration; faster and stronger glucose-lowering effect.