Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) OCD was previously classified as a type of anxiety disorder until the newly revised DSM diagnostic manual in 2013, when OCD and its related disorders were listed separately as a spectrum. It is finally getting the attention it deserves. OCD appears when there are throwaway thoughts inside a person’s head that make them feel anxious, so the person develops a lot of repetitive, meaningless compulsive behaviors or thoughts to relieve their anxiety. And in fact, getting more and more anxious. The compulsive student sees this crooked window and even though they have to meet with a client next, or deliver a manuscript to an editor and have a million orders to negotiate, they can’t help but want to set this window right, right, right. And …… they think about it while not letting themselves think about it and all hell breaks loose. Agoraphobia (Square fear) Square phobia is also a type of anxiety disorder. Unlike its literal meaning, agoraphobia does not refer to the fear of squares, public places or crowded places alone; rather, it means that the person fears that he or she will have a panic attack in a certain situation or occasion (such as a rapid heartbeat, increased blood pressure, etc.) and becomes overly anxious. For example, worrying about going out, going to a crowded place, crossing a bridge, riding a train, and so on and so forth. Therefore, patients desperately try to avoid these occasions and are filled with anxiety at the thought of them. Anorexia Nervosa An American supervisor of mine says that if you are not receiving many eating disorder visitors now, as a counselor, you need to be prepared for the fact that in the next 10 to 20 years, there will be a large number of eating disorder visitors in China, including anorexia nervosa. The reason for this is that some people have done research and found that when a region opens up to Western culture and there are a lot of models and beautiful women in the media, after a while, a lot of anorexia is spawned by these irrational media presentations. Anorexia is a Greek word that literally means: nervous loss of appetite, which is somewhat misleading. In reality, anorexia is not a loss of appetite, but more like an addiction to abstinence from food. It is most often seen in adolescents and young adults. A visitor with anorexia nervosa has a hard time making a reasonable assessment of her own body, and if you ask her to draw a circle with her hand as big as her waist, she will draw a circle of 2.4 feet. Gender Identity Disorder (GID): The person does not identify with her gender, believes that she was born in the wrong body, and is extremely uncomfortable with her gender. The child also desperately wants to be the other gender, or expects to be treated in the same way as the other gender. There are differences between children and adults in terms of diagnosis. In 2009, at the annual psychology conference in San Francisco, there were protesters both inside and outside the conference calling for the removal of gender identity disorder from the field of psychological disorders. I myself once had a good friend who said the exact same thing to me: I’ve felt like I’ve been in the wrong body for as long as I can remember. Depression (Depression) Depression is one of the most commonly heard diagnostic terms for many psychological disorders. Go to work for a long time in a bad mood, the husband did not brush the dishes in a bad mood, the leader did not give leave in a bad mood …… everyone can be depressed. The typical core symptoms of depression are: persistent low mood, loss of interest in everything around you, lethargy memory loss. Every time I mention these, friends around me are shouting: I have hey! I have it too! It makes depression seem less stable, something you get casually and get better casually. The reality is that it is a physical disease like the flu or pneumonia, with its own physical characteristics and physical symptoms, and therefore it deserves more serious and standardized treatment. The depressed visitors I have known are often very intelligent themselves and good at pretending to be themselves. In a sick state, blind optimism and encouragement can only add to their misery. They need people around them to acknowledge their plight and pay attention to their inner pain more than to give them sunshine. Multiple personality disorder (Dissociative Identity Disorder) Multiple personality disorder is one of the most controversial disorders in clinical diagnosis, from the causes, diagnostic criteria to treatment, there are numerous controversies. A person displays the personality characteristics of two or more different personas. These different roles each have their own behavioral habits, ways of thinking, their own life circumstances, and perceptions of themselves, and they take turns to dominate a person’s behavior. The characters do not know each other, and we cannot explain them by forgetting them. Paracelsus reported the first global case in 1646. After a long period of debate, development, and research, the diagnosis of multiple personality disorder has become increasingly popular since 1970. More and more cases were reported, and the number of characters displayed in a single case rose from 2 or 3 to an average of 16. In 1994, the fourth edition of the DSM changed the name of Multiple Personality Disorder to Dissociative Identity Disorder. In 1994, the fourth edition of the DSM renamed Multiple Personality Disorder to Dissociative Identity Disorder, which was intended to emphasize the difference in consciousness and identity between the different roles and to minimize the differences in personality. Narcolepsy (Narcolepsy) People with narcolepsy have uncontrollable daytime sleepiness for more than three months in a row; they experience short periods of muscle loss and sudden collapse; they also enter a state of rapid eye movement for short periods of time. The average person needs half an hour to enter a deep sleep, while narcolepsy patients need only 1 minute or less.