Many parents have the feeling that there are more and more children with asthma nowadays. It is said that as the standard of living continues to rise and living conditions and environment have improved significantly, people are paying more attention to personal hygiene and environmental sanitation than ever before, and their awareness of self-care is stronger than ever. People are keen to use cleaners with antibacterial effects, use insecticides in the living room, be more protective of infants and children, keep food and clothing absolutely clean, avoid wind and rain, and do not go to crowded public places. If you feel any discomfort, especially if your child has a headache, cold or fever, go to a major hospital immediately. Why is the number of children with asthma increasing? If we understand the pathogenesis of asthma, it is not surprising that this phenomenon occurs. Studies have shown that asthma is a disease of immune imbalance and that T cells, the immune cells involved in the body’s immune response, play an important role in the development of asthma, and that T cells gradually differentiate into two types of cells: TH1 and TH2 cells as the body is formed, born and develops. When exposed to bacteria and viruses or infections, T cells differentiate in the direction of TH1 cells, which have an anti-microbial effect; conversely, T cells differentiate in the direction of TH2 cells, which are associated with allergic diseases. Genetic variations and changes in environmental factors can affect the balance of the two, leading to the development of allergic diseases associated with TH1 or TH2 responses. If the living environment is too clean, the chance of exposure to pathogenic microorganisms and natural infection by bacteria or viruses decreases, stimulating the body’s immune system to produce a weaker TH1 response and a relatively stronger Th2 response, the body will be prone to allergic or allergic diseases. Therefore, the higher the level of economy and technology, the better the hygienic living conditions, the higher the incidence of asthma. A specific example is that in East and West Germany before the unification, the genetic background and living habits of the inhabitants of the two countries were basically the same, but due to the different levels of economic development of the two countries, East Germany’s main development of coal industry, heavy atmospheric pollution, children in early childhood respiratory to a high incidence of infectious diseases. In contrast, West Germany’s major industries are low-energy-consuming manufacturing industries with good air quality. Comparing the incidence of asthma in the two countries, instead, East Germany is significantly lower than West Germany. This answers the question of many parents, who are allergic, why many parents do not have mild allergy symptoms until after adulthood, while many children suffer from rhinitis and asthma at a young age. In this way, asthma can also be called a “disease of affluence and development”.