Neonatal jaundice is most common in the neonatal period and is a yellowing of the skin or other organs caused by the accumulation of bilirubin in the body. Neonatal jaundice is divided into physiologic jaundice and pathologic jaundice, and physiologic jaundice does not require treatment. Increased unconjugated bilirubin is the most common manifestation of neonatal jaundice. Bilirubin is neurotoxic to newborns, and once pathological jaundice is diagnosed, it needs to be treated as soon as possible. High bilirubin can cause permanent damage to the nervous system due to bilirubin encephalopathy, which can be fatal in severe cases, so it must be treated aggressively. Treatment includes light therapy. Blood exchange therapy and medication are three aspects. Drug therapy is also available. When pathological jaundice reaches a certain level, we need to use albumin to prevent nuclear jaundice, which is generally used mainly for early neonates, especially premature or severely jaundiced infants. If the jaundice is due to neonatal hemolytic disease, high-dose immunoglobulin intravenous infusion is needed, which can block the reticuloendothelial system phagocytes, and this can effectively prevent further hemolysis. Enzyme inducers are also useful in treating neonatal jaundice, although they are used less and less these days. If it is clear that the pathological, rational jaundice is caused by infection, it is also necessary to actively control the infection with antibiotics, and in cases of acidosis, acid correction therapy is also required, usually choosing sodium bicarbonate, which is also essential for the treatment of jaundice. Some Chinese medicinal preparations used in the past are rarely used in clinical practice because of their serious adverse effects. For pathological neonatal jaundice, we must actively take a comprehensive approach to treatment, according to the child’s situation to choose the above-mentioned drugs for treatment, so as to avoid the occurrence of neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy to the maximum extent possible.