Multiple small retroperitoneal lymph nodes are generally treated differently depending on the specific cause of the lymph nodes. First, lymph nodes caused by inflammatory infection, such as acute severe pancreatitis, local infection caused by perforation of the posterior wall of the duodenum, and infection in the retroperitoneal organs above a renal abscess, can cause enlargement and hyperplasia of retroperitoneal lymph nodes. After the inflammation is controlled, the multiple small lymph nodes in the retroperitoneum can slowly absorb and subside. Secondly, multiple small lymph nodes in the retroperitoneum caused by malignant tumor invasion, such as malignant tumor of the tail of the pancreas, malignant tumor of the head of the pancreas, malignant tumor of the kidney, etc. Lymph nodes caused by neoplastic lesions need complete removal of the primary tumor, plus lymph node dissection, combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy to achieve better treatment results.