Examination of major complications of diabetes After the diagnosis of diabetes is clear, the patient must further know whether complications have occurred. Detailed past and family histories should be inquired and multifaceted laboratory tests should be done. Ophthalmic examination: Diabetic cataracts and retinopathy can be detected. These lesions can cause gradual loss of vision, blurred vision or sudden blindness. Pulmonary examination: The incidence of tuberculosis is 3-4 times higher in diabetes than in non-diabetes. Heart examination: diabetic cardiac lesions are often found clinically in diabetic patients without heart disease symptoms, and timely electrocardiogram and cardiac ultrasonography are necessary. Liver examination: more than half of the diabetic obese patients have fatty liver, so they should pay attention to liver ultrasound and lipid examination in order to choose lipid-lowering drugs in time. Ultrasound can detect pancreatic lesions, diffuse fibrosis or calcification of the pancreas, pancreatic duct stones, pseudocysts, these lesions last more than 5 years, accompanied by endocrine insufficiency of the pancreas, about half of the patients have latent diabetes and abnormal glucose tolerance results. 10-20% of the patients have overt diabetes. For the recent appearance of steatorrhea, intractable epigastric pain of unknown origin, low back pain, and ultrasound examination may reveal pancreatic tumors. Renal examination: diabetic nephropathy is a chronic complication frequently encountered by patients. Renal function, urine microquad, and renal ultrasound are important to understand the development and prognosis of renal lesions. Only with comprehensive and exhaustive examination of all organs carefully can chronic complications of diabetes be emphasized and detected and treated early to reduce the death and disability rate of diabetes.