The eyes are one of the most important sensory organs of human beings and a very fine organ, more than 80% of external information is obtained through our visual system, normal visual function allows us to adjust our state in different environments and get the right information in a complex environment. 0 to 3 years old is the best period for baby’s eye development, 3 to 6 years old is the development of eye regulation ability of young children The critical period. Normal visual development includes functions such as monocular visual acuity, color vision, binocular monovision, and coordinated movement of both eyes. Children’s eyes are more delicate and many diseases that are not treated during visual development will not result in normal vision even if they are treated as adults. Strabismus is a common disease in children, which is caused by the separation of the visual axis of both eyes due to abnormal eye position or movement, so that both eyes cannot look at a target at the same time, resulting in abnormal visual function and appearance. At present, the prevalence of strabismus among children in China is about 3% to 4%, and the trend is increasing year by year. The common name “cross-eye” or “cross-eye” only describes a type of strabismus – internal strabismus, which is characterized by one eye being normal and the other eye being inwardly This type of strabismus is characterized by one eye being normal and the other eye being squinted inward, with the appearance that the two eyes are close together or “opposite”. Another common type of strabismus is when one eye is normal and the other eye is squinted outward, known as exotropia. There is also superior strabismus and inferior strabismus. Strabismus occurs mainly due to the uncoordinated contraction of the extraocular muscles, so let’s first understand the function of the extraocular muscles. Each eye has six muscles that control the movement of the eye, which are scientifically known as extraocular muscles. Both eyes are kept oriented or focused on the target by the coordinated contraction of the six pairs of extraocular muscles, and strabismus can occur if there is an imbalance in strength for various reasons. If the medial muscles are underdeveloped and have weak contraction strength, and the lateral muscles are relatively strong, external strabismus will occur. The treatment then involves promoting the development of the weak muscles, strengthening them, and the eyes will return to an orthotropic position. The same is true for the occurrence of internal strabismus. In children, the eye is small and there is physiological hyperopia. Since the child’s need to see near objects gradually increases after the age of 2, and the child’s eyes are highly regulated and the extraocular muscles are well contracted, if the habit of looking too close from childhood makes both eyes often remain highly regulated, which is inevitably accompanied by too much turning of both eyeballs inward, this is most likely to cause internal strabismus. In addition, congenital factors and birth injuries, as well as the incomplete development of the optic nerve, can also cause strabismus. Strabismus not only causes visual dysfunction and self-image disorder, but also causes physical and mental developmental disorders, resulting in loneliness, low self-esteem and social anxiety, which affects the quality of life of the child. Studies have shown that negative emotions in children with strabismus appear around the age of 5 to 6 years old, and children with strabismus who are older than 6 years old are often reluctant to play and learn with other children of the same age. It is important for children to intervene early to promote normal visual function. The difficulty with strabismus surgery in children is that the surgery should be designed with long-term foresight, so surgery is not the best tool from a developmental perspective. Analysis of a large number of clinical cases shows that even after surgical treatment, rehabilitation training is still needed to achieve the purpose of correction. The ultimate goal of treating strabismus is to restore binocular visual function. The main cause of strabismus is the poor development and uncoordinated contraction of the extraocular muscles. Therefore, the key to correcting strabismus is to promote the normal and coordinated development of the extraocular muscles and train their coordinated contraction function. Early rehabilitation of the extraocular muscles can promote the development of the extraocular muscles through the nerve promotion technique in order to create conditions for the development of binocular monocularity; only through systematic rehabilitation can we promote the coordinated contraction of the six pairs of extraocular muscles in both eyes and better focus on the target, so that we can see the world squarely. In order for children to have bright, lovely eyes, we must pay great attention to children’s eye care.