Hemolysis is a process in which red blood cells are destroyed and their life span is shortened. The bone marrow has a compensatory capacity of 6-8 times the normal hematopoietic capacity. When hemolysis exceeds the compensatory capacity of the bone marrow, the anemia caused is hemolytic anemia (HA). Acute HA is mostly characterized by intravascular hemolysis, with a rapid onset and clinical manifestations of severe back and limb pain with headache, vomiting, chills, followed by high fever, pallor and hemoglobinuria, and gangrene. In severe cases, peripheral circulatory failure and acute renal failure occur. Chronic HA is mostly extravascular hemolysis with clinical manifestations of anemia, xanthogranuloma, and splenomegaly. Long-term hyperbilirubinemia can be complicated by cholelithiasis and liver function impairment. During the course of chronic hemolytic disease, infection and other triggers may aggravate hemolysis and hemolytic crisis may occur. The cause of hemolytic anemia should be treated actively and symptomatic treatment should be taken. Such as drug-induced hemolytic anemia, should be immediately stopped and avoid re-use of drugs; autoimmune hemolytic anemia using glucocorticoids or splenectomy treatment; in addition, there are also to correct acute renal failure, shock, electrolyte disorders, anti-thrombosis, replenishment of hematopoietic raw materials and other treatments. It is recommended to actively seek medical advice and follow the doctor’s instructions to standardize the treatment.