Low back pain is a relatively common condition, common in patients aged 20-50 years old, more common in men. The causes of trauma, inflammation, tumors and congenital disorders and other four basic causes can be included in the clinical classification methods also have their own choice of weight plus the cause of some diseases is not known, so there is no comprehensive and accurate classification method of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation is most representative of the following will focus on the introduction. The common causes of lumbar and leg pain are: Yang Cao, Orthopedic Department of Wuhan Union Hospital 1. injury, such as lumbar sprain, fracture and so on. 2. Inflammation: mainly tuberculosis, fasciitis, myelitis. 3. Degeneration: osteoporosis, spinal stenosis. 4. Developmental and postural abnormalities: scoliosis, vascular malformation. 5. Tumor diseases: hemangioma, tumor of spinal cord and spine. 6. Sequelae of surgery: after serious trauma to the lumbar region or lumbar surgery, the damage to local structures affects the stability of the spine and causes lumbar and leg pain. The above reasons can cause disc herniation, or other reasons such as: osteophytes, etc., compression of nerves and spinal cord leading to low back pain. Common symptoms of low back and leg pain: 1. Low back pain, the first symptom of most patients, and in severe cases it can affect the buttocks. 2. 2. Sciatica: the typical performance is from the lower back to the buttocks, thighs behind the lateral calf until the soles of the radiating pain, coughing, bending over significantly worse. 3. Lower limbs feel abnormal lower limb soreness, numbness, mainly due to nerve compression. 4. Perineal sensory abnormalities caused by cauda equina nerve compression, and even urinary and fecal incontinence, the symptoms are more serious, the consequences are serious. Treatment of low back pain: most patients do not need surgery, the following are patient precautions. 1. Acute period should sleep on a hard board bed, pay attention to rest, try to stay in bed for 3 weeks, after 3 weeks and then with a waist cuff to get out of bed, not to do stooping activities within 3 months, this method is simple and effective, but difficult to adhere to. 2 traction, can use pelvic traction or traction bed traction, but should be under the guidance of a doctor for two weeks of traction, pregnant women, patients with high blood pressure, heart disease patients disabled. 3. Physiotherapy massage, massage, can relax the muscles, reduce disc pressure, relieve symptoms, reduce pain, but more practitioners, the level of difference is very large, so the effect of the difference, it should be noted that the violence of massage massage tends to do more harm than good! 4. Corticosteroid epidural injection and nucleus pulposus chemical dissolution method, there is a certain degree of efficacy, but there are many problems, such as local irritation, bleeding, and even affect the function of the nerve root, it is worth paying attention to. 5. Percutaneous nucleus pulposus aspiration: some of the discs are sucked out by special equipment, but the effect is not obvious for the discs that have fallen off to the spinal canal. 6. Surgical treatment: patients who have been diagnosed after rest, physical therapy and medication are ineffective, or the cauda equina nerve is compressed should be operated, but infection and nerve damage may occur. Generally speaking, these cases can be basically avoided by experienced doctors, and nowadays, such as the minimally invasive surgery adopted by the Union Hospital, the discoscopy removes the nucleus pulposus, with an incision of only 1.5cm, and the next day, you can leave the hospital in one week! You can be discharged from the hospital in a week! Exercise for patients with lumbar and leg pain: 1 Flying Swallow Exercise: lie down on the bed, do alternating lifting of both lower limbs, lifting of both lower limbs at the same time, lifting the upper half of the upper body backward, lifting both ends of the body away from the bed at the same time and other actions, each of the above actions more than ten times a day, 30 minutes of daily exercise. 2 backward walking exercise: in the corridor or open space backward walking, each time about 30 minutes. This exercise is conducive to improving the state of the lumbar back muscles, restore the lumbar spine physiological arch and lumbar small joints sliding, can help lift the small joints adhesion. 3 lumbar back muscle exercise: lie flat on the bed, legs bent at right angles, with both feet, elbows and head as the fulcrum (five-point support) force to raise the hips, buttocks empty, the body as an arch bridge, with the progress of the exercise, you can put your arms in front of the chest, and only the feet and the back of the head as the fulcrum for the exercise. Repeat the exercise 20 to 40 times.