Bile duct stones can be divided into intrahepatic bile duct stones and extrahepatic bile duct stones. Because the bile ducts are like a biliary tree, the extrahepatic bile ducts are simpler and the intrahepatic bile ducts are more complex, like a tree with different branches. If the bile duct stones are small and located in the intrahepatic bile duct, they may not be treated. If the bile duct stones are located in the common bile duct and are small, the number of stones and their specific diameter should be observed. If the number of stones is large, surgical treatment is an option, one being a common bile duct incision to retrieve the stones, with or without an indwelling T-tube, as appropriate. If the stone is small and solitary, located in the lower part of the common bile duct or in the duodenal papilla, endoscopic resection from the duodenal papilla or balloon dilatation with a stone extraction basket or balloon can be chosen.