Lumbar spine tuberculosis is mainly due to the invasion of tuberculosis bacteria causing bone destruction, thus causing obvious discomfort symptoms such as limited lumbar spine movement, dull pain, soreness, pressure pain, etc. The treatment is mainly to eliminate the infection. Patients are advised to go to the hospital in a timely manner and follow medical advice on nutritional support therapy, medication, local treatment and, in severe cases, surgery to relieve lumbar discomfort: 1. Nutritional support therapy: In order to enhance the body’s ability to resist disease, patients need to consume foods containing protein and vitamins, such as eggs, lean meat and vegetables, on a daily basis to enhance nutrition. In addition, lumbar spinal tuberculosis often causes anemia, so patients should take oral iron supplements as prescribed by the doctor, and patients with severe anemia also need to enter a small amount of concentrated red blood cells intravenously; 2, drug therapy: under the guidance of the doctor, patients can use isoniazid, ethambutol and rifampin for treatment, and if necessary, they can choose to combine them to enhance the therapeutic effect. However, it should be noted that rifampin and ethambutol have side effects on the liver and optic nerve, so patients need to go to the hospital regularly to improve liver function and optic nerve examination. Patients with serious conditions who have systemic symptoms and fever that does not subside should also be treated with aminosalicylate sodium or amikacin; 3. Local treatment: Patients with limited activities due to pain and discomfort in the lumbar region can be treated with plaster fixation, and adequate bed braking is required during fixation. Patients with serious infection need to sleep on special plaster beds to achieve fixation; 4.Surgical treatment: the surgical methods usually used are posterior approach lesion removal, bone graft fusion and internal fixation, and anterior lumbar spine small incision simple abscess removal. The choice of various surgical methods should be based on the specific conditions of the lesion. If the patient has good physical tolerance, the posterior approach lesion removal surgery can be applied, while if there is secondary infection, an incision for pus removal surgery is required.