Pain in the back of the head all at once, accompanied by pins and needles-like and over-prick pain, is mostly considered neuralgia. The most common clinical cause is occipital neuralgia, and common causes include cervical spondylosis, trauma, tumor, arthritis, metastatic tumor, and respiratory tract infection. Treatment of this disease is mainly given with analgesic and sedative drugs, and local closure as well as physical therapy can be used to improve clinical symptoms if necessary. In a small number of patients with hypertension, abnormal fluctuations in blood pressure stimulate the blood vessels, which can also lead to the occurrence of vascular headache, and the clinical manifestations are also mainly in the posterior occipital region, accompanied by limited, fluctuation-like pain. Therefore, it is important to monitor changes in blood pressure to determine whether the pain is caused by elevated blood pressure.