According to statistics, the prevalence of hypertension among the elderly in China is about 45%, and the total number of patients is more than 50 million, and the proportion is increasing with the arrival of an aging society. Because of its high prevalence and complication rate and mortality, but people often do not know enough about its harmful effects. Among patients with hypertension, 25% are known to have elevated blood pressure, only 12% are treated, and only 3% have achieved the blood pressure control standard, therefore, the comprehensive prevention and treatment of hypertension in the elderly becomes more and more important. The diagnosis of geriatric hypertension is simple and satisfies the following two points: 1, age > 60 years. 2, multiple measurements of blood pressure on different occasions systolic blood pressure ≥ 140mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90mmHg can be diagnosed. Therefore, frequent self-measurement of blood pressure in elderly people over 60 years old can detect the disease as early as possible. Older people with hypertension have the following characteristics: 1. Blood pressure fluctuates significantly Older people with hypertension have greater fluctuations in systolic or diastolic blood pressure than younger patients. The atherosclerosis and fibrosclerosis of the arterial wall in the elderly lead to a restrictive narrowing of the arterial lumen and a decrease in the elasticity of the arteries and the dilatability of the wall, resulting in a significant increase in systolic blood pressure in the elderly, as well as a decrease in the sensitivity of the pressure sensation to regulate blood pressure in the elderly, resulting in increased blood pressure volatility. 2. Postural hypotension is common Postural hypotension is more common in elderly patients with hypertension, especially in the course of antihypertensive treatment, mainly because the sensitivity of pressure receptors in the elderly has decreased, resulting in a weakening of the function of regulating blood pressure. 3. Pseudohypertension has more chances to appear Because of arteriosclerosis in the elderly, when blood pressure is measured by the indirect method, the measured value is higher than the direct method. If the patient has persistently high blood pressure, but no target organ damage, and the peripheral arteries lack elasticity on palpation, and there is vascular calcification shadow on the upper arm X-ray or ultrasound examination, “pseudohypertension” should be highly suspected. 4. Changes in neurohumoral components The renin level is low in elderly hypertensive patients, while the beta receptor responsiveness decreases with age and blood pressure. The number of alpha receptors remains the same or increases relatively, resulting in hyperfunction of alpha receptors and increased vasospasm. 5, prone to target organ damage Because aging itself will bring metabolic abnormalities, changes in the cardiovascular system, kidney structure and function, as well as the impact on the renin system, sympathetic nervous system, endocrine system, vascular endothelial function, plus the human body itself to maintain high blood pressure will lead to target organ damage, so the elderly hypertensive patients are more likely to develop heart, brain, kidney and other target organ damage. 6, often combined with other diseases Hypertension is one of the main risk factors for the development of coronary heart disease, the incidence of coronary heart disease in hypertensive patients is two times that of those with normal blood pressure. Elderly hypertensive patients are also often combined with abnormalities in glucose, lipid and uric acid metabolism, cardiac arrhythmia, dementia, and urinary retention (more common in men) and other diseases. Because of the above characteristics of hypertension in the elderly, simple antihypertensive treatment often fails to achieve the desired goal, and is prone to fluctuations and recurrence. This time to adopt the principle of integrated prevention and treatment, for different individuals, using a combination of Chinese and Western medicine and non-pharmacological treatment, gradual and smooth lowering of blood pressure, long-term regular treatment, can significantly improve the prognosis and reduce complications.