Recently, the American Heart Association (AHA ) and the American Diabetes Association (ADA) jointly released a scientific statement on cardiovascular disease prevention in adults with type 2 diabetes in an effort to provide professional guidance on cardiovascular prevention in patients with type 2 diabetes. This article is a summary of the highlights of this scientific statement on the official website of the American College of Cardiology (ACC), written by Elizabeth A. Jackson from Michigan State University, Ann Arbor. 1. Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in adults with diabetes, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HgA1c ≥ 6.5%) is recommended for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and for screening. The focus of this statement is on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus. 2. In addition to the use of 2-hour glucose ≥ 200 mg/dl or fasting glucose ≥ 125 mg/dl for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, clinical practice currently recommends that HgA1c ≥ 6.5% be used for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (not currently recommended in China). 3. Lifestyle changes are central to the treatment of prediabetes and diabetes. Routine physical activity is associated with improvements in lipids and blood pressure and should be considered in combination with cardiovascular preventive medications such as statins. Strength exercise combined with aerobic exercise has the potential to improve glycemic control but needs to be validated in larger trials. 4. Dietary patterns can influence overall diabetes control, and recommended dietary patterns include an emphasis on fruit and vegetable intake, reduction of saturated fatty acids, and low-fat dairy products. Diabetes is associated with lower HDL cholesterol and elevated triglycerides. Lipids can be significantly lowered by dietary changes that increase fruits and vegetables, reduction of refined sugars, weight loss, and regular exercise. 5. Weight management is a key issue in diabetes, and weight loss can improve blood glucose. Changes in eating patterns and physical activity can reduce weight. Weight loss surgery, medication, or reduction of medications that promote weight gain can be very useful for weight loss. Current. The American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology/Obesity Association guidelines recommend that bariatric surgery be considered for adults with a BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 and obesity-related comorbidities (e.g., diabetes). 6. For adults with diabetes who have a 10-year cardiovascular disease risk of ≥10%, the use of low-dose aspirin (75-162 mg/day) is reasonable. Aspirin is also reasonable for adults with diabetes who have a 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease between 5% and 10% (intermediate risk). 7. 7. Many studies have evaluated targets for glycemic control. Based on this evidence, current guidelines recommend a HgA1c ≤ 7.0% and fasting glucose < 130 mg/dl) to reduce the risk of microvascular disease. Lower goals ( HgA1c ≤ 6.5%) may be considered for patients with longer life expectancy and no significant cardiovascular disease. 8. Target blood pressure in patients with diabetes has been controversial, with guidelines recommending a blood pressure of <140/90 mm Hg in patients with diabetes. lower targets may be preferable in younger patients. Where possible, the recommended blood pressure control medications are angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. 9. Lipid management is important to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Current guidelines recommend the use of intermediate-acting statins in diabetic patients aged 40-75 years with an LDL of 70-89 mg/dl. Clinicians should carefully evaluate the risks and benefits of statins in patients younger than 40 years or older than 75 years. Treatment should be initiated with fasting triglycerides >500 mg/dl. 10. Renal disease is rare in patients with diabetes. Urine microalbumin and glomerular filtration rate are recommended for monitoring renal function. Patients with combined diabetes mellitus and renal insufficiency are at elevated risk for cardiovascular disease, and renin angiotensin system blockers may slow the progression of renal disease.