This seemingly insignificant disease has been plaguing people with its high incidence and recurrence rate since the beginning of time, with many patients having recurrent attacks despite treatment, and some even having recurrences after surgery, for years or decades. Therefore, anal fistula, especially high anal fistula, is recognized as one of the difficult diseases in the field of surgery in the world today. The first thing that you need to do is to take a look at the website. The actual fact is that you will be able to get a lot more than just a few of the most popular and popular items on the market. This is the reason why some patients have delayed their treatment and their condition has gradually worsened or even become malignant after a long time. The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who have been in the business for a long time. Why do you say this? Let’s start at the beginning. Anal fistula, also known as anorectal fistula, is a fistula that connects the rectum, anal canal and the skin around the anus, which means that there is a tube leading to the skin around the anus from within the anal canal rectum. According to records, China was one of the first countries to recognize the disease, and the name of fistula was clearly mentioned in the Shanhaijing, which was written before the Warring States period, and methods of treatment for fistula were recorded. In the Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing, the name of the disease and the treatment method were already established. In the Ming Dynasty, Chinese medicine first proposed the use of “hanging thread” to treat anal fistula and it has been used ever since. Western medicine has called anal fistula for thousands of years since the earliest recognition. It is only in the last hundred years that there has been a breakthrough in the understanding of the causes and pathology of anal fistula, and therefore the treatment methods have been greatly improved. Generally speaking, an anal fistula is the sequelae of a perianal abscess, i.e. a tube formed by the gradual shrinking and thinning of the pus cavity after the abscess breaks down on its own or is simply cut and drained by a doctor. The opening exposed outside the anus is called the external opening of the fistula, and the opening inside the rectum is called the internal opening of the fistula. The internal opening is actually the “root” of the initial anal gland infection and is often located at the junction of the rectum and anal canal. Under normal circumstances, the internal opening is the mouth of the perianal gland leading to the rectum, which has the function of discharging glandular fluid, moistening the stool and facilitating its discharge. Under abnormal conditions, an anal abscess is formed due to infection, and the inflammatory stimulus increases the brittleness of the internal orifice, which later leads to the formation of an anal fistula. This is because of the interconnection of the internal and external openings, so there is often a secretion or thin stool from the anus from the external opening of the fistula, so that the fistula naturally can not heal itself, even if the use of drugs is only a temporary conservative treatment method, but can not achieve the purpose of complete cure. The patient usually has a history of perianal abscess, which is characterized by general chills and fever, redness around the anus, swelling, throbbing pain, appetite, constipation, restlessness, etc. Later, the fistula breaks down on its own or is surgically incised and discharges pus and blood secretions from the broken or incised area. In addition, in addition to the discharge, patients often have itching and dampness of the anus, increased local pain and elevated body temperature once infected, and in patients with recurrent fistulas, granulomatous growths and visible cords leading into the anal canal can occur at the external opening. Clinically, we often classify anal fistulas into simple and complex fistulas, each of which is divided into high and low anal fistulas according to the level of the internal opening. Simple fistulas have only one internal and external opening, while complex fistulas have multiple fistulas and external openings; the principles of classifying simple and complex fistulas and high and low anal fistulas in the field of specialization are based on the height and alignment of the internal opening. In simple terms, a fistula is considered high if the internal opening is above the level of the anorectal ring and low if it is below it, but the diagnosis of the location can only be made after careful examination by the clinician and cannot be determined by the patient himself. Simple low anal fistulas are easy to operate because of their shallow location and straight channel; complex low fistulas are not complicated because the internal opening is not high. The main reason is that the location of the fistula is above the anorectal ring, so if the fistula and the internal opening are not handled properly, the surgery will fail and it will be easy to relapse or even cause anal incontinence, causing a lot of pain to the patient. So, how do you do when you have an anal fistula? The first thing is not to be afraid of the disease, to go to the hospital to find a professional doctor to give a clear diagnosis, and remind the majority of patients, must go to the regular hospital specialist clinic for treatment, because the failure of the first surgery will cause difficulties to operate again and easy to relapse. Do not believe in those small advertisements of “no hospitalization, no surgery, no recurrence, less cost and good results”. We often encounter patients who come back to our hospital for treatment within a short period of time after surgery at irregular medical institutions that lack expertise. The procedure for treating simple anal fistulas in China is similar, in that the internal and external openings are all cut open so that the trauma is completely open, and then the trauma is healed by changing the medicine. The treatment of low complex fistulas and high anal fistulas (both simple and complex) is very different depending on the level of medical technology. In many hospitals, the method of treating low complex fistula is to cut all the external opening several tubes, so that the sore is healed, but the pain and scarring after surgery is huge; while the treatment of high anal fistula is mostly using traditional hanging wire therapy, although safe and reliable, but hanging wire surgery also has similar problems, and the healing time after surgery is long and the patient is in great pain,. In addition, according to our clinical observation for many years, we also found that the hanging wire procedure also has the problems of easy recurrence and causing anal sulcus defect. Therefore, in the treatment of low complex anal fistula and high anal fistula, we have made bold improvements to the operation according to the principle of “An’s therapy” which is more advanced in China. Through years of clinical observation and follow-up, we have achieved better treatment results and have great medical promotion value.