Patients with dementia often have other physical illnesses, including cardiovascular disease and its risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia), infections, depression, delirium, falls, and malnutrition. These coexisting disorders often exacerbate cognitive and other functional impairments in patients and are strongly associated with prognosis and survival time. 1, Aggressive control of dementia with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia to stabilize indicators at desirable levels is beneficial in halting cognitive decline. 2. Simple nutritional assessment, the Royal College of Physicians Nutritional Screening System, and the 2002 version of the Nutritional Risk Screen can be used for the assessment of malnutrition in dementia. Patients with dementia with malnutrition are recommended to receive more frequent feeding and oral nutritional support. The decision to accept tube feeding in end-stage patients should be based on a combination of condition, quality of survival, technical conditions, ethics, economics, and awareness. 3. The Geriatric Depression Scale and the Connell Depression Scale can be used for the assessment of depression in patients with dementia. Patients with mildly depressed dementia should first receive non-pharmacological treatment, and antidepressants may be effective for patients with major depressive dementia. 4. A blurred consciousness assessment approach can be used to screen for delirium. The principle of treatment for delirium in patients with dementia is first to address the etiology of delirium, and non-pharmacological treatment is preferred for symptomatic treatment. Small doses of sedative drugs or small doses of atypical antipsychotic drugs may be given for a short period of time on the basis of trade-offs in the following cases: before the necessary examination and treatment, when self-injury or injury, high excitement or hallucinations threaten the safety of the patient and others. 5. Patients with dementia who are at high risk for falls should be given interventions targeting risk factors and caregiver education to prevent falls from occurring. For patients who have fallen, early detection and comprehensive examination, active management of complications caused by trauma, fractures, etc., and treatment of eliminable risk factors to avoid further falls. 6. Prevention and treatment of infection: Patients with dementia who have difficulty swallowing are prone to aspiration pneumonia, so early swallowing function training and correct body position during mealtime are recommended. Those who are bedridden for a long time are prone to aspiration pneumonia, so they should be actively turned and patted on the back, and their mouths should be kept clean. Wash the vulva frequently to prevent urinary tract infections. Provide anti-inflammatory treatment as soon as infection occurs.