Tuberculosis can cause symptoms of chest tightness and shortness of breath when the tuberculosis is more severe and affects lung function. Therefore, when a patient is diagnosed with TB, active treatment should be carried out to avoid further aggravation of TB that affects lung function. Commonly used anti-tuberculosis drugs include isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, streptomycin, etc. The principles of drug administration are early, appropriate dosage, combination, full course, and regular medication, and attention needs to be paid to monitoring the side effects of drugs during the treatment with anti-tuberculosis drugs. The most common side effect is liver function impairment, and simple elevation of transaminases requires the addition of hepatoprotective drugs. If the patient develops elevated bilirubin, medications for hepatic impairment should be discontinued. When patients develop peripheral neuropathy, oral nerve-nourishing drugs such as methylcobalamin, vitamin B1, vitamin B12, etc. can be administered. If patients develop renal function and optic nerve impairment, they need to discontinue relevant medications.