The surgical procedure of laparoscopic radical rectal cancer is actually the same as open surgery, the only difference is that laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgery and there is no long surgical incision in the abdomen. The main surgical procedures include the following: 1) freeing the colorectal mesentery at the upper and lower margins of the tumor; 2) clearing the mesenteric roots and intra-mesenteric lymph nodes; 3) dissecting the rectum more than 3 cm from the lower margin of the tumor and the colon about 10 cm from the upper margin, and using the anastomosis to perform transanal colorectal anastomosis; 4) making an incision about 5 cm in the lower abdomen and closing the incision after removing the specimen and rinsing the abdominal cavity. The advantages of laparoscopic radical rectal cancer surgery include less trauma, less postoperative pain and faster recovery for patients, and clear vision during surgery.