Immune thrombocytopenia, previously known as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, is an acquired autoimmune disease and is the most common bleeding disorder caused by reduced platelet counts seen in clinical practice. Treatment mainly includes the following: i. Glucocorticoids, the drug of choice for the treatment of immune thrombocytopenia, are indicated for those with a platelet count ≤ 30×10^9/L and severe bleeding or risk of bleeding, or those with significant signs of malaise. Prednisone is generally preferred orally, and the dose is gradually reduced to discontinuation after effective treatment. Second, high-dose intravenous gammaglobulin, used in cases of emergency bleeding, with mild side effects. Splenectomy, which is considered to be the main treatment after glucocorticoids, is used for those who have failed glucocorticoid therapy or are dose-dependent, with an efficiency of 60%-80%. IV. Other immunosuppressive agents, including danazol, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporine A, azathioprine, etc. For chronic immune thrombocytopenia, those who are treated by glucocorticoids and splenectomy with poor efficacy, those who are not suitable for glucocorticoids and splenectomy treatment can be treated by one of the single drug therapy or combined program. V. Thrombopoietin receptor agonists. These drugs are well tolerated and have mild adverse effects, including thrombopoietin, TPO peptidomimetic and non-peptidomimetic TPO analogues. VI. Rituximab. Also often called anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, Meroval, can inhibit the generation of anti-platelet autoantibodies to abnormal B cells, so that immune thrombocytopenia, to obtain long-term sustained remission, but the onset of action is slower and more expensive.