There are various reasons for abdominal pain during defecation, which can be caused by physiological disorders or pathological factors. 1, physiological disorders: mainly gastrointestinal disorders, such as gastrointestinal irritability, etc., the patient’s intestinal peristalsis is enhanced during defecation, the smooth muscle is violently contracted, and the intestinal spasm causes paroxysmal abdominal pain. 2, pathological causes of abdominal pain: often the intestinal tract with large polyps, tumors, tuberculosis, intestinal lumen stenosis and caused by poor bowel movements, resulting in increased intestinal contraction to discharge stool, which leads to abdominal pain. Once the stool is expelled, the ability of the intestine to contract begins to decline and the patient’s abdominal pain is relieved. In conclusion, once a patient presents with abdominal pain, the presence of relief after a bowel movement often indicates functional or organic pathological changes in the intestine. Patients are advised to undergo colonoscopy to avoid missing the diagnosis and causing irreparable damage.