The swelling and pain on both sides of the lumbar vertebrae may be caused by physiological factors such as strenuous exercise and exertion, or it may be related to kidney stones, lumbar dorsal muscular fasciitis, gynecological diseases and other pathological factors. 1. Physiological factors: after sitting and standing for a long time, strenuous exercise or exertion, the symptoms of lumbar spine distension and pain on both sides may occur, which is a normal physiological phenomenon, and usually can be relieved after sufficient rest. 2. Kidney stones: Kidney stone patients can suffer from different degrees of pain in the lower back due to the movement and jamming of stones in the ureter, which can also be accompanied by hematuria. 3. Fasciitis of lumbar back muscle: due to long-term chronic strain injury can lead to aseptic inflammation of the lumbar back muscle, causing fasciitis, which can cause pain, numbness and muscle spasm of the lumbar back muscle. 4. Gynecological diseases: women with pelvic inflammatory disease, adnexitis and other gynecological diseases, lumbar spine distension and pain on both sides of the symptoms, but also may be accompanied by fever and other symptoms. There may be other causes of lumbar spine distension and pain, and it is recommended that patients seek medical attention to clarify the cause of the disease in order to avoid delay in treatment.