BCG is a non-toxic live bovine Mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine used for the prevention of tuberculosis. BCG vaccination gives children specific resistance to tuberculosis, reduces the incidence and severity of tuberculosis in children, especially the reduction of severe tuberculosis such as tuberculous meningitis, and reduces the possibility of endogenous deterioration thereafter. BCG vaccination is introduced in China for newborns at birth. BCG vaccination gives children resistance to tuberculosis and, in particular, greatly reduces the incidence of cornual tuberculosis and tuberculous meningitis. It can also be used for adjuvant treatment of tumors and for the treatment of asthmatic bronchitis and prevention of pediatric colds. The local reaction after BCG vaccination is different from other vaccines. Most children will have a local reaction 3-4 weeks (initial vaccination) or 1-2 weeks (repeat vaccination) after BCG vaccination, through a process of redness, swelling, infiltration, pustule formation, rupture, and crusting, and usually the crusts will be removed and local scars will be formed in about 3 months. This is a normal reaction process after BCG vaccination and is a sign of effective vaccination. If this reaction does not occur, it indicates that the vaccination has failed, and replanting should be considered. Generally speaking, normal reactions after BCG vaccination can heal on their own without special treatment, but proper care is still necessary. Special attention should be paid to prevent secondary infection by not scrubbing the vaccination site or the surrounding area that has become septic. Care and precautions after BCG vaccination: 1. Care for local pustules or ulcers after BCG vaccination: no need to rub or bandage, but keep the area clean, don’t wear clothes too tight, if there is pus outflow, use sterile gauze or cotton to gently wipe clean, don’t squeeze, the average of about 2-3 months will naturally heal and scab, scabs should wait for natural shedding, not early picking. 2. If the local reaction is heavy, you should send to the hospital in time for consultation. If the lymph nodes are found to be slightly swollen, there is no need to deal with it, and it can naturally subside after about 1-2 months. 3. Within 2 days after BCG vaccination, due to the local pain of vaccination, infants can be slightly irritable and cry more often, which is a normal phenomenon, and can be soothed to make infants feel safe.