Regular eye exams are the best way to detect glaucoma and to follow up on the effectiveness of treatment. Slit lamp examination Slit lamp examination, known as slit lamp live microscopy, is an essential routine examination method in ophthalmology and is performed in a dark room. The anterior segment of the eye (conjunctiva, cornea, anterior chamber, atrium, iris, pupil, lens, etc.) can be observed through microscopic magnification, according to which the doctor can understand whether there are changes in glaucoma. Glaucoma mainly damages the optic nerve, which is manifested in the fundus by the enlargement of the optic disc depression and the thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer, and the doctor can examine these two structures through fundoscopy or slit lamp with anterior mirror, and will observe the size of the “cup-to-disc ratio C/D”, the presence of cuts along the disc, the presence of bleeding in the optic disc, the presence of the retinal nerve fiber layer, etc. This is very important for the diagnosis and follow-up of glaucoma. We know that high intraocular pressure is an important risk factor for glaucoma, and the majority of glaucoma patients also show elevated intraocular pressure. The main treatment for glaucoma is to lower the IOP, just like hypertension monitors the blood pressure level and diabetes monitors the blood sugar level, glaucoma monitors the IOP level, which is an important indicator in each follow-up visit. It should be noted that IOP fluctuates dynamically, so in the early diagnosis of glaucoma or judging the effect of IOP control, it is often necessary to measure 24-hour IOP, and patients should be hospitalized for one day, and IOP should be measured every 2 hours or every 3 hours within 24 hours to observe the fluctuation of IOP and understand the degree of the highest IOP and the time of its appearance, so as to facilitate the diagnosis of disease typing, the selection of treatment methods, the formulation of medication timing and It is also useful for diagnosis of disease staging, selection of treatment, timing of medication and adjustment of medication dosage. At present, there are various methods to measure IOP, the international “gold standard” is Goldmann pressure leveling IOP, which is done by a special instrument connected to the slit lamp. This is usually done by an experienced physician. More ophthalmology offices use non-contact tonometry, which is based on the same principle as the Goldmann flattening tonometer and does not touch the eye, but the results are subject to some error and can only be used for preliminary estimation. In the early days, the Schiotz tonometer was also used, in which the patient is placed flat on the examination bed after being given a surface anesthetic and looks at his or her finger about 750 px above the eye, and the doctor places the tonometer lightly in the center of the patient’s eye and converts the IOP value according to the degree of the pointer. This method is less accurate in patients with high myopia and is less commonly used. We already know that there are open-angle and closed-angle types of glaucoma, and the so-called type is determined by the atrial angle examination. If all structures of the atrial horn are visible, it is called open angle, if not, it is called closed angle, and if partially visible, the scope and location of the opening can also be understood, and only with the correct classification can the corresponding correct treatment be given. V. Visual field examination Visual field examination is one of the most important examinations to diagnose and treat glaucoma and follow up the treatment effect, it is a subjective and objective examination, which requires the cooperation of the patient and can directly understand the function of the optic nerve and determine the degree of optic nerve damage. It includes central visual field and peripheral visual field examination. Generally, the central visual field examination is mainly performed in the early stage, which is more sensitive, and the peripheral visual field examination is mainly performed in the late stage, which can reflect the size of the residual visual field. Visual field examination takes about 20 to 45 minutes. You are asked to respond when small bright spots appear in different parts of the visual field map. The examination can be a bit tedious, but the results are very important for diagnosis. This is the most sensitive indicator of glaucoma examination, but 30% to 50% of the optic nerve fibers have been damaged before the abnormalities appear in the visual field. VI. Other 1. central corneal thickness examination; 2. ultrasound biomicroscopy; 3. optic nerve fiber layer thickness examination: including GDxVCC, OCT, etc.