Definition and diagnosis of POF The average age of menopause in women is 49.5 years, and the normal menopausal transition period is 1-2 years before menopause. Premature ovarian failure (POF) refers to a series of symptoms caused by female hormonal changes resulting from premature decline of ovarian function. Diagnostic criteria: normal age at menarche or delayed puberty, normal development of secondary sexual characteristics in women before the age of 40, after excluding pregnancy, more than 4 months of amenorrhea, with at least two checks of basal FSH > 40 U/L and estradiol < 73.2 pmol/L at 1 month intervals. Etiology of POF The occurrence of POF is related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Western medicine believes that POF is related to genetic factors, immune factors (immune diseases such as thyroiditis), infections (such as herpes simplex virus, mumps virus), environmental factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, mental stress, excessive weight loss, etc.), and medical factors (radiotherapy, chemotherapy, oophorectomy, repeated abortions, etc.). Some patients cannot find a clear cause, which is called idiopathic POF. Chinese medicine believes that POF is mainly related to the kidney. The congenital deficiency is the deficiency of kidney energy, and the acquired loss of nourishment is the labor and weariness of internal injury, emotional and mental disorders, etc. Clinical symptoms of POF Because of the many causes, the clinical manifestations are complex and varied. The most important clinical manifestation is amenorrhea, in addition to abnormal uterine bleeding, loss of fertility, hot flashes and sweating, sleeplessness, mood disorders, osteoporosis, genitourinary tract atrophy (painful intercourse) and sexual function, skin aging and other symptoms, and is a risk factor for cognitive decline and cardiovascular disease. Clinical observation shows that patients are mostly seen for amenorrhea and infertility. Prevention and treatment of POF 1, prevention Recognizing the above causes, women should consciously avoid factors that may lead to ovarian function damage and protect ovarian function. This includes actively treating the original disease, avoiding exposure to toxic chemicals and radiation, maintaining good lifestyle habits and a positive attitude, and reducing the number of abortions. For patients undergoing radiotherapy, in addition to using well-targeted drugs and taking protective measures, egg freezing, embryo freezing, ovarian cortex freezing, etc., can be used to preserve fertility if necessary. 2.Treatment Western medicine mainly adopts to eliminate the cause of the disease, treat the original disease and symptomatic support treatment. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is the main symptomatic treatment option. For women with an intact uterus, appropriate amounts of progestin are applied along with estrogen to protect the endometrium, induce artificial bleeding, reduce symptoms and maintain secondary sexual characteristics until physiological menopause. For patients with fertility requirements, ovulation promotion, egg donation and protection of ovarian function are used on top of HRT. In addition, active lifestyle and seeking psychological guidance are also the first line of treatment and should not be ignored. The basic principle of TCM treatment is to tonify the kidneys and fill the essence, and the treatment is combined with the characteristics of menstrual cycle changes. Nowadays, the treatment of POF is mostly combined with Chinese and Western medicine, and some studies have reported that the combination of Chinese and Western medicine has achieved better results than simple treatment.