Coughing and wheezing are common symptoms in early childhood, and especially in winter and spring, the number of small infants with coughing and wheezing is particularly high and worrisome for parents. Therefore, it is necessary for parents to know something about it. Coughing and wheezing can be caused by both infectious and non-infectious factors. coughing and wheezing in babies within 3 years of age is most often caused by viral infections followed by colds, laryngitis, bronchitis and pneumonia, while in children over 3 years of age it is most often caused by bacterial infections. Children with recurrent coughing and wheezing are considered to have bronchial asthma, often accompanied by eczema and a family history of asthma. Symptomatic treatment is to give antispasmodic and asthma medication to control the symptoms, generally nebulized inhalation can effectively control wheezing. Then is the etiology of treatment, infection caused by the use of reasonable antibiotics, viral infections do not need to apply antibiotics. If asthma is suspected, it is necessary to standardize anti-asthma treatment and to avoid asthma triggering factors. Children with heavy wheezing are at risk of causing heart failure and apnea and need urgent treatment by doctors. Some babies with repeated coughing and wheezing should consider the possibility of foreign bodies in the lungs and need to undergo lung CT or even bronchoscopy. Coughing and wheezing are only one symptom and the condition may vary in severity. Parents are unable to assess the condition and prompt medical attention is recommended.