The treatment of anal fistula is divided into non-surgical and surgical treatment. Non-surgical medication mainly controls infection, alleviates symptoms and controls development, but it cannot be completely cured or cured momentarily and can easily recur. Based on the pathological and anatomical characteristics of anal fistula, it is not self-healing and surgery is the only way to treat it, and proper treatment of the internal opening and removal of the infected anal glands, the tip of the fistula and the residual cavity is the key to the success of surgery. There are many surgical methods for anal fistulae, but the basic conventional methods for dealing with fistulae are summarized in two ways: fistulotomy and fistula excision. These include simple fistula incision, fistula incision with sutures, fistula incision with sutures, fistula incision with sutures, fistula excision with sutures, fistula excision with sutures, and fistula excision with sutures. Other related hanging techniques: endostomy with simultaneous multi-lateral hanging, drug line drainage, stereotaxic hanging, tunnel dragging, modified incisional hanging, and floating hanging (i.e., false hanging). There are other methods such as rectal mucosal flap nudge, fibrin glue closure method, and the current international hype of LIFT minimally invasive surgery. At present, some anorectal surgeons are very conceited and always think that anal surgery is easy, and when patients come in, they operate without detailed examination, and as a result, they cannot get off the table during surgery, or they do not heal after surgery, or they have other complications. Therefore, whether to cut or remove the fistula, whether to hang the thread, whether to hang it falsely or not, and whether to suture it becomes a problem to be considered in the surgical treatment of anal fistula, which is also the key to whether we can become good anal surgeons.