After a stroke patient is discharged from the hospital, the family needs to provide full understanding and support to help him regain maximum function in life. At the same time. It is also especially important to prevent the occurrence of another stroke.
What should I pay attention to in family rehabilitation?
1. Give more care and patience
The psychosomatic trauma caused by stroke sequelae is great, and it is easy to produce anxiety, anger, and even misanthropy. This is especially true for those who were at the peak of their career and are relatively young.
2.Create a healthy family environment
The onset of stroke is often accompanied by the presence of risk factors, therefore, the rehabilitation process requires intervention of some long-formed bad habits or factors.
Creating a family environment that is conducive to physical and mental health, such as a relaxed and happy family atmosphere, a low-salt, low-fat nutritious diet and exercise habits, can strengthen the patient’s sense of recovery and help correct bad habits, thus helping the recovery of function.
3.Enhance the awareness of family protection
After a stroke, there are many sequelae such as leg and foot problems, and it is easy to fall. Therefore, you should try to reduce the accumulation of debris at home, keep the ground dry and non-slip, and install guardrails at the bedside or toilet if possible.
In addition, it is appropriate for stroke patients to wear non-slip shoes instead of slippers. Family members should also teach the patient how to get up in case of a fall, so as to reduce his or her fear of falling and the damage caused by the fall.
4. Scientific rehabilitation should be done as early as possible
Stroke patients are often accompanied by unclear speech, walking and other sequelae of early exercise is very important for rehabilitation.
1.Patients with unclear speech
Time: In general, patients with cerebral infarction after 48 hours and patients with cerebral hemorrhage in about 1 to 2 weeks can consider some targeted training in bed.
Content: You can try to use picture learning cards for patients to practice pronunciation, from words to phrases and from phrases to simple sentences.
Intensity: The intensity of the training should be moderate, 30-60 minutes each time, once or twice a day. Please make sure that the patient is not fatigued, and combine with physical stimulation to keep the learning interesting.
2.Patients who have difficulty in moving
Contents: To promote functional recovery, you can assist him or teach him to use the good side of the hand to drive the hand with unfavorable activity to do the following actions.
Raise the hand up, grasp something, and swing it up and down, left and right.
In addition to the targeted training, other parts of the body should be moved to prevent disuse atrophy or loss of function.
Intensity: 30-40 minutes per training session, once in the morning and once in the afternoon.
3.Patients who have the ability to walk and run
Content: Aerobic exercises such as running, brisk walking and health exercises are appropriate, and the degree of exercise should be such that the heart rate and breathing are accelerated but the speech is not strained.
Intensity: A moderate amount of exercise for about 30 minutes a day can better stabilize blood pressure and improve blood circulation. For rehabilitation training, try to do it when the patient has good energy and sufficient sleep, and adjust the time and frequency according to the actual situation. If possible, a single short and frequent session is better than a long one.
Patients with severe sequelae
For some patients with particularly serious sequelae and very difficult to recover, please try to seek professional rehabilitators for training in a professional rehabilitation center to reduce the unscientific exercise induced during the rehabilitation process
Nutritious and balanced diet
The basic principle of diet for stroke patients at home is to ensure a balanced nutrition. At the same time, it is best to choose ingredients and cooking methods that promote appetite and are easy to digest and absorb.
1.Balanced nutrition
This is the first and foremost principle of diet for stroke patients during the recovery period, and it is also the key to preventing stroke recurrence. Depending on the amount of exercise and weight of the patient, eat an appropriate amount of staple foods and more vegetables and fruits every day to supplement vitamins and dietary fiber. Pay attention to supplementing appropriate amount of high-quality protein such as beef, fish, eggs and milk to promote functional recovery.
2.Control the use of oil
Use vegetable oil instead of animal oil, and try to eat less or avoid fried food.
3.Eat less sugar
It is especially important to emphasize that the harm of added sugar is everywhere, such as sweetened drinks, honey-based foods, etc. contain a lot of sugar, and the effect of sugar on hypertension is no less harmful than that of salt, and stroke patients should try to avoid eating too much of these foods.
4, eat less sodium salt
High salt is also an important cause of increased blood pressure, daily stir-fry try to reduce the use of sodium salt, so that patients gradually adapt to the light taste. Low sodium salt can also be used instead, but does not apply to patients with renal insufficiency.
5.Cooking method is important
Meals are delicious and easy to absorb is an important way to ensure nutrition. We can use a variety of foods that stroke patients like, pay attention to the color and aroma of the combination, in the cooking method tend to choose steamed, boiled or stir-fried, try to avoid frying, sugar and vinegar and other ways to ensure the full absorption of nutrients.
See a doctor if there is any change in your condition
After the first stroke attack, some patients will have recurrent attacks and the physical and psychological damage will be more obvious. It is very important to take measures to prevent recurrent stroke.
1. Monitor blood pressure/blood sugar regularly
In addition to balanced nutrition, exercise and emotional adjustment, risk factors should be managed. For patients with hypertension or diabetes, it is important to monitor blood pressure or blood glucose daily and keep records when the weather changes, diet changes or medications are adjusted, and regularly during stable periods.
2.Communicate with your doctor regularly and never stop your medication blindly
Regularly go to the hospital and communicate with the doctor, give feedback to the doctor, especially when the season changes, pay attention to follow the doctor’s advice to adjust the antihypertensive drugs, to control the risk factors in a normal or even ideal range. Do not blindly stop the medication or adjust the dose on your own to avoid accidents.
3, the emergence of abnormal conditions, timely consultation
If you experience dizziness, ringing in the ears, headache, vomiting, numbness, weakness, blurred vision, slurred speech, choking and coughing, difficulty in swallowing, unstable walking, fainting, or sudden aggravation of the original dysfunction, it indicates a recurrence of stroke and should be treated in hospital.
In conclusion, both for the patient and family members, it is necessary to establish the correct health awareness, form a family atmosphere that promotes healthy diet, scientific exercise and emotional management, and make each family member a promoter and beneficiary of healthy habits so that the patient can recover better and the healthy person can stay healthy.