Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are unique to pregnant women during pregnancy and can affect maternal and fetal life, and the etiology is unclear. However, it has been proven that the occurrence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy is the result of multiple factors, the most important of which are maternal factors, fetal-placental factors and the combined effects of both. The influence of maternal factors: (1) Genetic factors: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy are familial and multifaceted, so they are obviously associated with genetic factors. In addition, some studies have shown that cold environments or sudden changes in temperature can lead to an increased incidence of hypertension, which indicates that the maternal response to cold and temperature changes may be an influencing factor in the onset of the disease. (2) Nutritional factors: hypoalbuminemia and lack of various nutrients, such as calcium, magnesium, zinc and selenium, may be related to gestational hypertensive disorders. 2. Role of fetal-placental factors: (1) Influence of fetal/paternal genotype: the fetus is a hemizygote with half of the paternal genetic factors, and the mother is stimulated by paternal cytokines, which, if over-activated by the maternal inflammatory response to these factors, can lead to genetic conflicts specific to both parents and can eventually cause hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. (2) Invasion of abnormal trophoblast cells within the myometrium: Trophoblast cells are formed by the division of the fertilized egg and can provide nutritional support for the embryo. If abnormal trophoblast cells occur and invade into the myometrium, this can eventually lead to a decrease in placental blood flow, further triggering the onset of a series of symptoms. 3. Maternal and fetal-placental factors: the interaction can lead to placental ischemia, which can cause transient hypertension, proteinuria and multi-system and multi-organ damage in the mother, eventually leading to the occurrence of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. In addition, pregnant women are prone to gestational hypertensive disorders if they have the following high-risk factors, such as maternal age ≥ 40 years; history of preeclampsia; positive antiphospholipid antibodies; hypertension, chronic nephritis diabetes mellitus; BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 at the first obstetric examination; family history of preeclampsia (mother or sister); multiple pregnancies in the current pregnancy, first pregnancy, pregnancy interval ≥ 10 years and early pregnancy Systolic blood pressure ≥130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥80 mmHg, etc.