Dementia is a generalized impairment of higher cortical activity, which is characterized by gradual memory loss, decreased reasoning and judgment, impaired spatial orientation, decreased ability to perform activities of daily living, language and social activities, difficulty in acquiring new skills, and inability to control emotions in a clear state of mind, as well as personality and behavioral changes such as irritability, anxiety, delusions and hallucinations. Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most common and devastating disorders causing dementia. It is expected to reach 14 million people in the United States alone by the middle of the 21st century, and the number of patients is likely to triple in the next 30-40 years. Our huge population base, aging society and the pursuit of quality of life have led to an increased focus on this disease. Alzheimer’s disease is a group of degenerative diseases of the central nervous system whose etiology is still unknown t. The main socio-demographic risk factors for its development are: advanced age, female, widowhood, low education and low economic level. Many scholars have proposed various hypotheses on the etiology and pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease, such as: lead poisoning hypothesis, infection hypothesis, endocrine abnormality hypothesis, and molecular genetic studies found that the disease may have genetic heterogeneity, etc. All these hypotheses have yet to be further explored. Cranial CT, MRI, PET and pathological examination can observe diffuse brain atrophy, enlarged ventricles, widened sulci, massive neuronal loss, and characteristic changes such as senile plaques and neuronal fiber tangles. Some neuromediators associated with learning and memory, such as acetylcholine levels, are also altered. Alzheimer’s disease often starts in old age or pre-geriatric age, with a slow onset and a progressive course. Death from infection failure usually occurs 2 to 8 years after the onset of the disease. Alzheimer’s disease often affects work, social activities and family life due to decreased learning and communication skills, confused thinking and lack of logic in reasoning. The possibilities of: 1. Memory loss The most common symptom is forgetting newly acquired information. Occasional forgetting of appointments, names of others, and phone numbers is a normal physiological phenomenon, but Alzheimer’s patients often show it more prominently and frequently. Alzheimer’s patients often have difficulty performing tasks that they used to take for granted without thinking, such as cooking, using household utensils, and many long-standing hobbies. 3. Language problems Alzheimer’s patients often forget simple words and synonyms of commonly used words, making their speech or written words difficult to be understood. For example, if a patient cannot find a toothbrush, he or she may say “that’s the thing in my mouth”. 4. Disorientation in time and place Getting lost in a familiar street, being unable to determine where you are and how to get there, not knowing how to get home, etc. is another manifestation of Alzheimer’s disease. People with Alzheimer’s disease occasionally make mistakes in judgment, and patients with Alzheimer’s disease show a decline in judgment, such as dressing for the weather, wearing multiple layers of clothing in the heat of the day and less in the cold of winter. Patients with dementia also often spend a lot of money unnecessarily for home improvements or other items. 6, abstract thinking disorder Patients even completely forget the numbers, do not know what the numbers actually mean, thus appear to maintain the family income and expenditure balance difficulties. Alzheimer’s patients often misplace items, such as storing iron bars in the refrigerator or putting watches in candy canes. 8. Mood and behavior changes The difference in state of mind affects people’s emotions. Patients with Alzheimer’s disease experience dramatic emotional instability, from calmness to tears and anger, without any reason. 9. Personality changes As people age, their personalities usually change. People with Alzheimer’s disease often become difficult to peck at, suspicious, fearful, cautious, or overly dependent on family members. 10. Decreased initiative It is understandable to become bored with household chores, business activities, or social responsibilities at a given time. However, Alzheimer’s patients become very passive, such as sitting in front of the TV all day, lethargic, and unwilling to do the work they can do. If you have a family member with these symptoms, it is best to consult an experienced physician as soon as possible. Early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and differentiation from other possible causes of dementia can often lead to better treatment, support and care for the person with dementia.