Liver cirrhosis is a multiple disease in China, which is a repeated and long-term damage to liver cells by one or several etiologies, resulting in degeneration and necrosis of liver cells, diffuse proliferation of fibrous tissue, destruction of normal liver lobule structure and blood vessel formation, formation of regenerative nodules, after years or even decades of development, the liver gradually deforms and hardens in texture, forming cirrhosis. Among the causes of cirrhosis, most of them are chronic hepatitis, a few are due to alcoholism and chronic schistosomiasis, and individual cases are related to genetic and metabolic diseases; it should be emphasized. In addition to the above-mentioned etiologies, aflatoxin contamination in food is also an important cause of liver cancer, and drinking water contamination is also a possible cause. So, is cirrhosis of the liver preventable? The answer is yes. Early cirrhosis can be reversed or no longer progress after active prevention and treatment, but late stage will seriously affect the quality of life of patients and even endanger their lives, so the prevention and treatment of cirrhosis is very important. First of all, etiological prevention is the first priority, and corresponding treatment measures must be taken for the underlying causes of cirrhosis in order to effectively prevent the development of cirrhosis. Chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C are the main causes of cirrhosis, and therefore must be actively treated. However, since there are no specific drugs for treatment, and not all hepatitis B and C will lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer, only about 2% of chronic hepatitis B infection will lead to cirrhosis, and only 3%-10% of cirrhotic patients will develop liver cancer, while it usually takes 20 years for hepatitis C to develop into cirrhosis. For patients with severe liver fibrosis or early cirrhosis confirmed by liver biopsy, long-term antiviral therapy must be adhered to, regardless of the effect of antiviral therapy, in order to prevent the occurrence of cirrhosis or control the development of cirrhosis; for patients who are expected to have better antiviral therapy, antiviral therapy measures should be actively taken. Currently proven effective antiviral therapy drugs include a interferon and nucleoside (acid) analogues, including lamivudine (Herceptin), adefovir (Haverix, Dettine, Meizheng, Jule, Agmatine, etc.), entecavir (Boludin), and telbivudine (Sulbivir), each of which has its own characteristics and needs to be individualized for patient use. In addition, interferon therapy has been shown to reduce the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma caused by hepatitis, and long-term treatment with nucleoside analogues may also reduce the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. It should be emphasized that nucleoside (acid) drug therapy must be carried out under the guidance of a professional physician, and should not be taken or stopped by oneself, otherwise it may lead to serious consequences. It should be noted that antiviral therapy is not effective for hepatitis B virus carriers (i.e., normal liver function test), and the incidence of cirrhosis and liver cancer in this group is extremely low. However, the liver function status must be monitored regularly, generally every 3-6 months to check the liver function, in order to timely detection of hepatitis activity; do not believe in advertising, blind treatment, both labor, and hurt the people! Long-term heavy drinking is also the main reason for the occurrence of cirrhosis, especially in patients with chronic hepatitis, so the prevention and treatment of cirrhosis must be resolute and complete abstinence from alcohol. Secondly, regular medical checkups are also essential to prevent the occurrence of cirrhosis. Since most hepatitis does not have obvious clinical symptoms, hepatitis activity must be detected through examination; patients with repeated hepatitis activity and untreated hepatitis must also have regular ultrasound examinations or other cirrhosis index examinations, and once signs of cirrhosis are detected, further examinations and liver biopsies are needed to clarify if necessary. Thirdly, about the treatment of cirrhosis in Chinese medicine. Chinese herbal medicine in China has rich experience in anti-fibrosis and cirrhosis, and these herbal medicines play a certain role in anti-fibrosis treatment, but it is important not to replace antiviral treatment with Chinese herbal medicine treatment, otherwise the treatment of the disease may be delayed. Adhere to the combination of Chinese and Western medicine, play each other’s advantages, is a good strategy to prevent and treat cirrhosis of the liver.