Hyperuricemia is a syndrome caused by impaired elimination or excessive production of uric acid in the body. Mildly elevated cases usually do not cause kidney failure, while more severe cases lead to kidney failure possibly for about 10 to 20 years. Kidney failure may occur over a shorter or longer period of time due to individual differences. Purine is the most important substance in the production of uric acid, due to the abnormal metabolism of purine and lead to the elevation of uric acid value in the blood, too much uric acid will lead to the body to develop gout or kidney stones, both of which can affect renal function and lead to renal dysfunction. As the condition progresses, it can gradually develop into uric acid nephropathy and renal failure, etc. The progression time is about 10 to 20 years, but due to the existence of individual differences, the occurrence of renal failure may be shorter or longer. If high uric acid is found in the examination, the patient should go to rheumatology and immunology department in time, and be treated actively under the doctor’s guidance. At the same time, improve the bad habits and control the high purine diet.