Chest imaging that suggests lung occupancy is considered to be a neoplastic lesion, including both benign and malignant tumors. However, it cannot be excluded that it is caused by tuberculous lesions, the most common of which are proliferative nodules as well as tuberculous balls. After standardized anti-tuberculosis treatment is given for tuberculosis, changes such as exudation, plaques, proliferation, nodules, calcification and fibrosis can occur. In particular, proliferative nodules can persist for a long time and do not disappear easily. It is easy to relapse again when the immune function is low, causing tuberculosis activity, which needs to be paid great attention to. Patients with comorbid diabetes are more likely to cause proliferative nodules to reactivate and develop tuberculosis. Tuberculosis ball is a tumor-like occupying lesion formed by incomplete absorption during treatment. The boundary of tuberculosis ball is smoother, not accompanied by short burr, lobulation, pleural pulling sign, pleural depression sign and other changes of early lung cancer, it is easy to further investigate whether the lung occupation is benign or malignant by chest enhancement CT. Tuberculosis is benign and does not require special treatment. Therefore, lung occupations may be benign or malignant tumors, and benign tumors include imaging changes of tuberculosis balls.