The full name of hyperemesis gravidarum is hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, which are unique to pregnancy and include gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, and chronic hypertension complicated by preeclampsia. The main causes of gestational hypertension are as follows:
1. Genetic susceptibility. Families with a history of gestational hypertension are usually prone to develop gestational hypertension.
2. Maternal immune system reacts abnormally to antigens of trophoblastic patrilineal origin, resulting in immune maladaptation.
3. Maternal placental ischemia also predisposes to gestational hypertension.
4. pregnancy is prone to oxidative stress thus leading to gestational hypertension.
The above various causes are interacting with each other. Mild cases of gestational hypertension can be asymptomatic or have mild dizziness, mild elevation of blood pressure, accompanied by edema or mild proteinuria; severe cases of headache, nausea, vomiting, right upper abdominal pain, markedly elevated blood pressure, proteinuria, and even coma and convulsions.
Hypertensive patients in pregnancy should pay attention to rest, close monitoring of the state of the mother and child, intermittent oxygen intake, diet to ensure adequate protein, calories, for generalized edema should be appropriate salt restriction. Then hypotensive, antispasmodic treatment to prevent eclampsia, if necessary, terminate the pregnancy as soon as possible.