Monkeypox can be transmitted through close contact, respiratory droplet route and placental vertical route, but the possibility of sexual transmission cannot be excluded. Monkeypox is a kind of zoonotic disease induced by monkeypox virus after infection of human body, at present, it is mainly prevalent in Central Africa and West Africa, and no relevant cases have been found in our country. 1. Animal to human transmission: monkeys, orangutans, etc. are the main source of monkeypox infection. Monkeypox virus can invade human body through mucous membrane and broken skin. Infection can occur when human beings come into contact with exudates, blood, or other body fluids from the diseased parts of infected animals, or when they are bitten or scratched by infected animals. 2. Direct human-to-human transmission: It is mainly transmitted between people through close contact and respiratory droplet transmission. Direct contact with objects contaminated by infected people can cause transmission. Monkeypox virus can also be transmitted vertically through the placenta, but sexual transmission cannot be excluded. Therefore, people who intend to travel and live in Central and West Africa need to pay extra attention and raise their awareness of the source and transmission of monkeypox. Avoid contact with wild animals in infected areas, and pay attention to the scratches and bites of wild animals. At the same time, avoid contact with suspected patients, and seek medical attention in a timely manner if high-risk contact occurs.