High β2 microglobulin needs to be treated for the cause of the disease after completing relevant examinations, and the main treatments include improving renal function and controlling the primary disease. The main causes of high β2-microglobulin include primary renal function decline, hypertension, diabetes mellitus causing renal complications, and hematologic malignancies. 1. Decline in primary renal function: when the blood β2-microglobulin is high, it suggests that the glomerular filtration function has declined, and at this time, it is necessary to protect renal function and avoid the use of nephrotoxic drugs. 2. Renal complications caused by hypertension and diabetes mellitus: when there is high β2-microglobulin in urine, it suggests tubular damage and decreased tubular reabsorption capacity, and there is a need to suspect that hypertension and diabetes mellitus cause renal impairment, and at this time, we should treat the primary disease, improve the hypertensive state, and control the blood glucose level. For example, metformin should be given to treat diabetes mellitus. 3. Hematological malignant tumor: when the β2 microglobulin in the blood is elevated, the possibility of hematological tumors, such as multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, etc., which need chemotherapy, targeted therapy and other treatments for tumors, need to be considered. Drugs include nitrogen mustard phenylbutyrate, ibrutinib, bortezomib and so on. It is recommended to actively seek medical advice and follow the doctor’s instructions for examination and treatment.