Mitral valve replacement is a surgical procedure that replaces the diseased mitral valve with a prosthetic valve for people with appropriate heart conditions who meet the indications for surgery. Mitral valve replacement is mainly indicated for people with heart failure, arrhythmia, rheumatic heart disease, mitral stenosis, and mitral valve insufficiency. The indications are symptoms directly related to valve lesions such as chest tightness, palpitations, double lower extremity edema, and nocturnal dyspnea; or the combination of pulmonary hypertension, massive tricuspid regurgitation, new-onset atrial fibrillation, and deterioration of cardiac function. For those who meet the indications for surgery, implantation of a prosthetic valve can improve the symptoms caused by the respective disease and improve the quality of life. The choice of valve is related to the physical condition and quality of life requirements. It is recommended that people with these conditions seek timely medical attention and consider the options according to their situation.