An umbilical hernia is a hernia in which the hernia sac protrudes through the umbilical ring. Clinically, there are two types of hernias: infantile umbilical hernia and adult umbilical hernia, both of which have different causes and treatments. 1. Umbilical hernia in infants is caused by incomplete closure of the umbilical ring during the embryonic period or scar tissue in the umbilicus is not strong enough. Therefore, the smaller umbilical hernia can be treated without surgery, and with growth and development, most infants can heal themselves within 2 years of age as the abdominal wall muscle strengthens. However, if the child is over 2 years old and the umbilical hernia has not healed and the diameter of the umbilical ring is still greater than 1.5 cm, surgery should be performed. In principle, all children over 5 years of age should be treated surgically. The non-surgical treatment can be done by using a coin or small piece of wood wrapped in gauze, which is larger than the umbilical ring, and after retrieving the hernia contents, it is placed against the umbilical ring and fixed with adhesive tape or bandages to prevent it from moving (this method should also be applied under the advice and guidance of the doctor). 2. Adult umbilical hernia is caused by weakness of the abdominal wall and excessive intra-abdominal pressure due to various reasons. Once adult umbilical hernia occurs, it will not heal on its own. Surgery is the first choice to cure umbilical hernia, and the surgical methods include simple suture repair and patch repair, which can be broadly divided into preperitoneal patch repair and intraperitoneal patch repair. For small umbilical hernias, simple suture repair or patch repair can be used. For larger umbilical hernias, laparoscopic patch repair under general anesthesia is a better option. Although the incidence of umbilical hernia is not as high as that of inguinal hernia, it can often lead to significant complications. Therefore, if you have an umbilical hernia, you should seek prompt medical treatment.