The medical term for stones that “grow” in the human body is called stones. The human body stones since ancient times, more than 2,200 years ago, Mawangdui Han tomb corpses were found on the stones. Human stones can be described as colorful, strange, in addition to the familiar urinary stones and gallstones, there are a variety of stones. The breakdown is as follows: eye stones: conjunctival stones are formed by the conjunctiva shed epithelial cells, blood vessels in the exudate white blood cells and tears in a small amount of calcium salts polymerization of a solid structure, light yellow, hard texture. Mostly seen in adults, mostly in the upper eyelid, eyelid conjunctiva with hard yellowish-white small dotted protrusions, like broken rice, some scattered in the form of dots, but also can be crowded into groups. Conjunctival stone is a benign lesion of the epithelium of the eyelid membrane, there is usually dehydration, keratinization, the process of turning into yellowish-white dots, and calcification rarely occurs. In addition, there is a type of “eyelid stone” that grows in the blepharoplasty glands of the eyelids, causing eyelid discomfort and inflammation of the eyelids. Usually there are no conscious symptoms, but only when the eyelid is turned over, there are one or more small yellowish-white dots in the conjunctiva of the face with clear boundaries and hard texture. At the beginning, the location is deeper, the stone is still buried in the conjunctiva, and later as the “stone” grows, it is gradually revealed on the surface of the conjunctiva. Only when the stone protrudes from the surface of the conjunctiva, when blinking and the conjunctiva and cornea friction will cause a foreign body sensation, or even lead to corneal abrasion, but generally does not affect vision. Usually, they can be left untreated if there is no irritation; if irritation occurs, they can be picked out with the tip of a knife or a hypodermic needle under surface anesthesia. Nasal stone: a nasal stone formed by a foreign body with a core of inorganic salts. Foreign bodies can be divided into exogenous and endogenous, exogenous is due to the foreign body retained into the nasal cavity, endogenous such as suffering from rhinitis, sinusitis, blood clots in nosebleeds, dry pus crusts and so on. When long-term storage in the nasal cavity, nasal secretions and tears inorganic salts (mainly calcium and magnesium phosphate and carbonate) gradually decomposition and deposition on the surface of the foreign body, will be wrapped, day after day, will form stones. Most common in adults, often limited to one side of the nasal cavity. The performance of one side of the nasal cavity progressive nasal congestion, flow of watery, purulent or bloody nasal mucus, sometimes headache, dizziness, inspection of the nasal cavity can be seen in the shape of irregular lumps, white, gray, brown or black varies, the surface is not smooth, hard texture. Nasal stone is mostly located at the bottom of the nasal cavity, often missed by the examiner does not know, so that the disease is not cured for a long time. Its diagnosis and treatment are relatively easy, will be crushed after the stone pincers removed its symptoms instant relief, and then treat the primary lesion, the disease will soon be cured. Ear stones: due to excessive secretion of cerumen glands in the external auditory canal, and the shedding of epithelial cells, foreign bodies accumulate to form black color lumps, hard as a stone, blocking the external auditory canal, affecting hearing, but also cause ear pain, tinnitus, vertigo and other symptoms. Don’t dig your ears by yourself if you have ear stones, you should find a doctor to diagnose and treat them. Dental calculus: carbonate from saliva and teeth surface of the food residue bonded together, deposited in the teeth, teeth, neck, the formation of yellowish stones. Mostly seen in people who usually do not pay attention to oral hygiene, calculus can cause periodontitis, gums often swollen, bleeding, pain and erosion, and even make the teeth loose, and finally fall off. Dental calculus can be eliminated by ultrasonic cleaning. Salivary gland stones: grow in the human body three pairs of salivary glands (parotid gland, sublingual gland, submandibular gland), also known as “salivary stone”, this is due to excessive viscous saliva or bacterial invasion caused by inflammation, or due to a foreign body (such as small tooth stone) accidentally into the salivary gland ducts, so that the stagnation of saliva, calcium salts precipitate into stones. Stones vary in size, as large as an egg, as small as a sesame seed; white, yellowish or brownish-yellow, the longer the formation of the darker color. Salivary stones usually stay in the ducts of the salivary glands, blocking and irritating the ducts, making the salivary glands swollen and painful. Tonsil stone: tonsil stone is due to repeated episodes of tonsillitis to the crypt mouth fibrosis, drainage is blocked, by the shedding of epithelial cells, bacterial debris, mucous pus and foreign bodies and other organic substances as a substrate, through the deposition of calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate deposited in the crypt formation. The small ones are like grains of sand and the large ones are like pigeon eggs. However, this disease is usually seen in children, the clinical manifestations of recurrent sore throat, foreign body sensation, chronic irritating cough, occasional reflex earache, bad breath. After the probe and other related examination that can still be identified. Small stones can be removed with a pair of pliers, and if they are frequent or large, tonsillectomy or incision can be used to remove the stones. Laryngeal stones: less common, mostly occur in the throat for a long time with chronic inflammation or habitual use of the mouth to whistle laborers. They inhale dust and metal particles and form the core of the stone, when wrapped outside the mouth, throat secretion when the formation of stones. Often accompanied by swelling and pain in the throat, there is a sense of foreign body obstruction, and sometimes the stones can be coughed out. Bronchial stones: Bronchial stones are formed by the gradual deposition of calcium and phosphate in the lung tissues near the bronchial tubes due to chronic diseases, infections, occupational factors, etc. These stones can destroy the bronchial tubes. These stones can destroy the bronchial walls and fall into the lumen, so some patients can cough them up. Stone hemoptysis is a characteristic manifestation, but from the formation of stones, it can be seen that patients with bronchiectasis are less likely to have stone hemoptysis, especially in the early stages, when there is no stone hemoptysis, the clinical manifestations of coughing, hemoptysis, difficulty in whistling, chest pain, fever, etc.. The treatment of bronchial stone disease should be based on the size and number of stones, the severity of symptoms and the presence of complications. Mild symptoms and asymptomatic people can be followed and observed without special treatment. If the symptoms are serious or there are complications, fiberoptic bronchoscopy can be used to remove the stones or surgery and other treatments. Alveolar microlithiasis: It is mostly seen in workers who have been engaged in dust operation for a long time. They inhale a lot of dust particles during the production process and accumulate them in the lungs, and the patient’s alveoli are covered with fine sand-like stones. It hardens the texture of the lungs, eventually leading to extensive fibrosis of the lung tissue and affecting lung function. In addition, alveolar microcalculi are associated with smoking and inhalation of polluted air. Gastric stones: Vegetable stones are formed from undigested cellulose, lignin, and tannins in food. The most common is gastric persimmonite. When a large number of unripe persimmons (water persimmons) are eaten on an empty stomach, the fruit acids and red tannins in the persimmons interact with the stomach acid to form gastric persimmon stones. There are also animal stones and medication stones. Eating a lot of persimmons, black dates or mental disorders, addicted to hair, hemp, silk, etc. are prone to stomach stones. Gastric stones can be asymptomatic, and the general symptoms are distension and pain in the upper abdomen, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and in severe cases, vomiting blood. Small gastric stones can be expelled from the body through the intestines, while large gastric stones can lead to pyloric obstruction or intestinal obstruction due to discharging into the intestines. Long-term pressure on the stomach wall can lead to gastric ulcers and even necrosis and perforation of the stomach wall. For treatment, 5% soda can be used for gastric lavage, which can gradually dissolve gastric stones, which can be automatically discharged from the pylorus after dissolution; gastroscope biopsy forceps or mesh sleeve can also be used to crush or remove gastric stones; if the above methods are ineffective or complications occur, surgical removal of stones can be considered. Breast stones: Breast stones mostly occur in women who have stopped breastfeeding or are breastfeeding, and they often find hard lumps in their breasts unintentionally. The hard lumps are usually about 1~3cm in diameter, with smooth surface, clear edge, and can be pushed by hand without pain. The formation of breast lumps is associated with breast cumulus cysts. Breastfeeding due to breastfeeding mother’s emotional anxiety, worry or fear of anxiety, mastitis and other reasons caused by milk discharge obstruction, resulting in milk stagnation, the formation of larger breast milk cysts. Over time, the water in the cysts is gradually absorbed, and when calcium is deposited, hard breast stones are formed. Once formed, breast stones are very difficult to remove and usually require surgery. Breast stones should be prevented, and the following points should be noted during the breastfeeding period: (1) Women should pay attention to the protection of breasts from the period of pregnancy. (2) Breastfeeding should be regular, usually every 3 to 4 hours, and try to let the baby suck the breasts empty. After the child is full, the excess milk should be squeezed out to prevent bruising. (3) Keep in a good mood, emotional stability, and live a regular life. (4) After stopping breastfeeding, if serious breast cysts have been found, you should go to the hospital for surgical removal to avoid letting them develop into abscesses or calcifications. Gallstones: Cholelithiasis is a common disease in which stones are formed due to the precipitation of cholesterol or bile pigment and calcium salts, and the encounter of certain core substances (e.g. inflammatory exudates, dead roundworms or eggs in the bile ducts). They can occur in the hepatic, bile ducts and common bile duct, but also in the gallbladder. Attacks are often characterized by biliary colic and jaundice, which may lead to bile duct obstruction, acute cholecystitis, pancreatitis, and even gallbladder perforation; it may lead to gallbladder cancer. For treatment, internal medicine can be used to remove stones or surgery. Pancreatic stones: stones born in the pancreatic duct, the size of the stone varies, can be larger than soybean, grayish-white. Mostly seen in middle-aged men. Pancreatic stones are associated with long-term alcohol consumption, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic duct parasitic infections. Alcohol has a direct toxic effect on pancreatic cells, the viscosity of pancreatic fluid in the pancreatic duct increases during alcohol poisoning, and repeated inflammation can lead to fibrosis and calcification, forming stones. Patients with chronic pancreatitis symptoms, affecting the digestive function, pancreatic stone patients such as eating a lot of greasy food and induced acute pancreatitis. Appendiceal stones: due to foreign bodies, roundworms in the appendix discharged egg masses or roundworm residues and shedding of intestinal epithelial cells, calcium salts in the intestinal fluid aggregation deposited in the tiny appendiceal cavity, can form appendiceal stones. Its texture is soft and hard, and its size and shape are different. The onset of pain begins in the upper abdomen and moves to the lower abdomen after a few hours. Fecal stone: The feces in the intestines can be blocked by intestinal tumors or obstructed by intestinal motility, etc. The water in the feces is reabsorbed by the intestinal wall, resulting in the feces drying up and eventually forming a hard lump like a stone, which is called a fecal stone. Fecaliths further block the intestinal lumen. Urinary stones: Urinary stones are a common and frequent disease in the clinic, due to the excessive discharge of stone-forming substances, reduced urine output, urinary tract infections, urinary tract obstruction and other factors cause urate, oxalate and other crystals in the urine to be deposited, forming stones. It can occur in any part of the urinary tract, such as the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Patients suffering from urinary stones may have clinical symptoms such as low back pain, renal colic, painful urination, urinary urgency, urinary frequency and hematuria. Treatment, according to the location of the stone, size and other different, can be taken to lithotripsy, extracorporeal lithotripsy, ureteroscopy lithotripsy or lithotripsy, surgical incision lithotripsy and other treatment methods. Prostate stones: prostate stones mostly occur in the elderly, divided into two categories: true and false, true stones do grow inside the prostate, that is, formed in the prostate itself, false stones are not from the prostate itself, but from the urinary tract stones. Urinary tract stones linger in the prostate segment of the urethra, or enter the infected dilated prostate gland ducts that connect with the posterior urethra. So pseudolithiasis is actually a manifestation of urinary stones in the prostate area. They may form as a result of some calcium deposits on a substance called amyloid in the prostate. The so-called amyloid is made up of shed epithelial cells and prostate secretions. They can block the prostate ducts, causing the follicular tissue of the prostate above the blocked ducts to expand and become an occluded cavity. When there is inflammation in the prostate, amyloid increases, and some calcium substances, such as calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate, take advantage of the opportunity to attach and deposit on the amyloid to become true stones of the prostate. Stones can be one or several, round or oval, and are generally fewer in number. Regardless of the type of prostate stone, most cases are asymptomatic and are also known as “quiescent stones”. Often, prostate stones are not detected until the prostate is examined for other conditions. When there are large or numerous stones in the prostate, symptoms such as frequent urination, urinary urgency, painful urination, bloody urine, and difficulty urinating may occur. Some small prostate stones will be expelled from the posterior urethra on their own, followed by urination. The patient may experience dull pain in the penis, perineum or lower back before and after discharge. Large prostate stones are not easily discharged and have to be removed by surgery or other means. Seminal vesicle stones: Inflammation of the seminal vesicles, poor ejaculatory ducts and retention of semen can lead to the formation of seminal vesicle stones. They often occur in middle-aged and older men. Foreskin stones: Foreskin stones are mostly from urinary tract stones. Stones from the urethra is discharged, due to the foreskin and stay in the foreskin cavity, by the calcium or magnesium salts in the urine dissolved, deposited, and gradually formed stones. Mostly seen in adult men. The foreskin stones are very easy to complicate the foreskin inflammation, penile head ulcers, etc., should be removed early surgery. Gout stone: in the process of gout patients, there will be a kind of hard as stone nodules, called “gout stone”, also known as gout nodules. This sodium urate crystals are deposited in the soft tissues, causing chronic inflammation and fibrous tissue proliferation to form nodules. Gout stones are most commonly found in the earwheel, the first metatarsophalangeal joints of the lesser toes, fingers, wrists, elbows, and knees, and in a few patients in the cartilage of the nose, tongue, vocal cords, eyelids, aorta, heart valves, and myocardium. It invades the bone in the bones near the joints, creating skeletal deformities or causing damage to the bone. This gouty nodule can also be found in the bursa membrane, tendon sheaths & cartilage near the joints. Gout stones vary in size from as small as a sesame seed to as large as an egg. It is generally accepted that 50% of people with blood uric acid above 0.54 mmol/L have gout stones. Most often seen at some time after the onset of the disease, the average is about 10 years. In short, the higher the blood uric acid concentration and the longer the duration of the disease, the greater the chance of gout stones. After a gout stone gradually increases in size, its outer skin may thin and ulcerate, forming a fistula that discharges white, chalk-dust-like urate crystals that persist for a long time. Secondary infections are rare because of the bacterial inhibiting effect of uric acid. Stones occurring near the tendons of the hands and feet often affect joint movement and sometimes require surgical treatment. In recent years, due to the early diagnosis of gout patients, timely treatment, and reduce the blood uric acid effective drugs gradually increased, the application of a wide range, so the appearance of gout stone has been reduced. In addition, there are also such things as vein stones and joint cavity stones in the body. If once found stones, do not be careless, should be timely to find a doctor, as soon as possible to drive the stone.