A neuroglial cyst is a non-neoplastic cystic lesion generally derived from the epithelial cells of the neural tube. A neuroglial cyst is a cyst within the brain parenchyma that is generally a benign lesion. The lesion is well-defined, not connected to the ventricular system, and is encased in a cavity within the white matter of the brain lined with neuroglial glia and containing a clear fluid similar to cerebrospinal fluid, with a thin cyst wall of choroid plexus epithelial cells or ventricular epithelial cells. Neuroglial cysts most commonly occur in the frontal lobe and vary in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters. In the presence of neuroglial cysts, it is important to go to a regular hospital in time for further examination, and according to the specific conditions of the appropriate treatment or management, so as not to delay the condition.