Whether pulmonary fibrosis with nodules is serious or not depends on what diseases the patient has suffered from in the past, as well as the size and nature of the nodular foci to make a comprehensive judgment. If the patient has suffered from tuberculosis in the past and develops pulmonary fibrosis with nodules after standardized treatment, most of them are proliferative nodules, which are benign changes. At this time, there is no clinical symptom, no special treatment is needed, only need to follow up chest CT once a year. If the nodule is smaller than 5mm and has a glassy appearance, it is mostly a chronic benign nodule and does not require special treatment. If the nodule is partially solid, above 6-8mm, especially with short burr, lobulation, pleural pulling sign, pleural depression sign, etc., we need to be alert to the possibility of early lung cancer. Enhanced CT examination of the chest can be performed further, and percutaneous lung puncture cytohistologic biopsy can be given when necessary to further understand whether it is early lung cancer. If it is early lung cancer, the nodule is more serious and needs to be treated with surgery as soon as possible. If the tests are negative, the nodule is usually benign and does not need special treatment.