Kidney stones are hard substances formed in the kidneys by some components of the urine, as small as a grain of cereal and larger than the size of a pearl. Kidneys are the most common site for urinary stones. Smaller stones are usually uncomfortable and can be expelled from the body on their own, while larger stones can get stuck in the urinary tract and cause obstruction of urine flow, resulting in severe pain and even bleeding. The key to treating kidney stones is to find out the cause of the stones, change the local environment and prevent secondary damage to the kidneys, the above measures are more important than just treating kidney stones. Most of the kidney stones seen in the clinic are calcium oxalate stones, calcium phosphate stones and uric acid (urate) stones. The basic condition of producing stones is that the substrate of the stone is generated too much, such as oxalic acid (mostly occurs in the long-term consumption of certain high oxalic acid food, herbs), uric acid (high purine diet, uric acid metabolism enzyme abnormality caused by hyperuricemia), as well as the urine acidification function abnormalities caused by the increase of acidic ions in renal tissues and a large number of calcium salts accumulation, etc. If you usually drink less water, the slowing of the local blood flow and urinary flow has created a good opportunity for the formation of stones by the combination of oxalic acid or uric acid and calcium salts. The combination of oxalic acid or uric acid and calcium salts creates a good opportunity to form stones. How to deal with kidney stones? There are various kinds of stones, and the causes of different kinds of stones are totally different, so it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive investigation on the environment and the triggers of their formation. 2008 China tainted milk products incident was because it was found that many children with kidney stones had consumed melamine milk powder produced by Sanlu Group, which was a chemical raw material, so that more people were spared from suffering from kidney stones. The treatment of kidney stones varies from person to person depending on the location and size of the stones. Small stones can be expelled by drinking a lot of water or dilating the ureter with the help of medication, while large stones must be treated surgically with the help of special equipment. For patients with confirmed urinary stones, they should find a specialist for a comprehensive examination as soon as possible, and should not blindly take medication to delay the course of the disease and cause unnecessary kidney damage.