Ultrasound of the thyroid gland can check for thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer. 4. Blood glucose tests can check for diabetes; blood lipid tests can check for high cholesterol, high triglycerides, and high blood sugar. Blood test for blood lipids can check for high cholesterol, high triglycerides and hyperlipidemia; blood test for kidney function can show whether there is hypo-renal function and hyperuricemia.