What is the history of cranial repair materials? Perhaps you think that cranial bone repair is a new medical treatment, but in fact, cranial bone repair can be traced back to a much longer time ago, its history can be traced back to ancient Peru in 3000 BC, China’s Song Dynasty, that is, the emergence of parts other than the cranium of the homologous allogeneic bone grafting, documented in the Hong Mai’s “Ezekiel Jian – A Zhi” Xing’s complementary Yi section. Since the first autologous cranial bone repair in 1821, there have been successive cranial bone repairs with tibia, ribs, shoulder bone, skeleton and sternum, but most of them have been eliminated due to the limited access to the material, the need to open up a second surgical area, the grafts can be absorbed, and molding is difficult, etc. The use of the internal and external plates of the cranial bone is not a good idea. However, the use of inner and outer cranial plates to repair two bone defects is still used in the reconstruction of the anterior cranial recess. Later, cadaveric cartilage and cadaveric cranium were tried as repair materials. However, these were quickly discarded because of their susceptibility to resorption, infection, foreign body reaction and psychological disturbances. Like other disciplines, the development of cranioplasty and cranial bone repair materials has gone through a long and tortuous process. At the beginning, the search for cranial bone repair materials was blind, but with the deepening of the practice and the gradual deepening of people’s understanding of themselves, the outside world, and the relationship between the two, the search has become purposeful and directional. Scientific and technological progress has provided people with convenience, but also put forward higher requirements Nowadays, for cranioplasty, it is not enough just to fill the skull defects, it must achieve the reconstruction of the local anatomy of the skull surface. The deepening of bioengineering research and the rapid progress of modern material science have provided a broader prospect for the development of cranial repair materials. So after that, bone cement, glass and so on came into people’s sight, but also for various reasons and gradually eliminated, instead of them is a new type of material – titanium alloy, because of the mesh structure in cranial bone repair surgery, clinically called it titanium mesh. That was titanium mesh was the best cranial bone repair material, and for a while it was all the rage. However, because of the alternating hot and cold sensitivity, titanium mesh is easily exposed and other defects, there is still a certain surgical risk. In recent years, polymer materials such as polyether ether ketone (PEEK for short) have gradually become the latest trend in cranial bone repair materials due to the material’s good biocompatibility, ability to complex plasticity, excellent mechanical properties, good protective properties, and high postoperative comfort. Compared with titanium mesh, peek this material avoids the various limitations of titanium mesh material problems, is an advanced polymer material, good thermal insulation, strength, elasticity and hardness are comparable to the autologous skull, is the current cranial bone repair surgery is an excellent material. The biggest advantage of PEEK is that he is mimicking the skull, in fact, on the mechanical properties alone, it is even more resistant to blows than the skull, and because it is embedded repair, after doing a review of the film is very beautiful, tight, and will not be subjected to the effects of heat and cold. Furthermore, PEEK is designed with a groove reserved for the connecting piece, which is a very considerate design so that the nail and plate will not buckle up and cause little skin irritation.The PEEK material is transmissible to rays and does not produce metal artifacts, and another great advantage is that it is highly inert and causes little scalp irritation, which is a very prominent advantage compared to titanium mesh.