The following reasons are common for pain in the shoulder when the arm is raised: First, middle-aged and elderly patients are prone to shoulder periarthritis, in which a large number of adhesions are formed around the shoulder capsule, which can restrict the shoulder joint and upper extremity activities and induce severe pain in the shoulder when the patient raises the arm; second, rotator cuff injuries such as rotator cuff injuries and supraspinatus injuries can produce local inflammatory reactions, which can also form secondary shoulder periarthritis, leading to severe pain when the arm is raised. Second, rotator cuff injuries such as rotator cuff injuries and supraspinatus injuries can produce local inflammatory reactions, which can lead to secondary periarthritis of the shoulder joint, resulting in severe pain when lifting the arm, as well as weakness of the upper extremity. Both of these conditions require prompt diagnosis and treatment to completely relieve the patient’s shoulder pain and restore the function of the shoulder joint and upper limb.