If urine protein is present in the urine, there are many possible causes. Diseases of the glomerulus, diseases of the tubules, excessive exercise, excessive intake of protein substances in the diet, infections of the urinary tract, and concentration of urine can cause there to be increased protein in the urine. Diseases of the glomerulus and tubules, often seen in various types of nephritis and nephrotic syndrome, lead to destruction of the glomerulus and excessive leakage of protein from the glomerulus or reduced reabsorption from the tubules, requiring relevant nephrology tests to understand the presence of nephritis. Excessive dietary intake of protein, which the body cannot digest, may be excreted through urination and can cause transient proteinuria. Excessive exercise or the presence of urinary tract infections or stones may cause increased levels of urinary protein. It is determined by a combination of specific 24h urine protein quantification, ultrasound of the urinary system, urinary routine, urine culture and other tests.