OVERVIEW
Overview
Tuberculosis tumor, also known as tuberculosis ball, is a tuberculous caseous lesion surrounded by fibrous tissue, the diameter of which is usually 2 cm to 4 cm. it is not a tumor, but a special form of tuberculosis. It is not a tumor, but a special form of tuberculosis. It is not contagious, but may recur and be reinfected.
Whether medical insurance
Yes
Department
Respiratory Medicine
Alias
Tuberculosis ball
Clinical Symptoms
The onset of the disease is insidious, the symptoms are atypical, some patients do not have any symptoms, and occasionally found during physical examination.
Hazards
There may be residual tubercle bacilli inside the tuberculoma, leading to recurrence of tuberculosis.
Complications
Infiltrative tuberculosis.
Examination
X-ray film, CT, histopathologic examination, etc.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis can be confirmed based on the history of pulmonary tuberculosis, combined with X-ray film, CT examination, and histopathologic examination.
Treatment principle
Anti-tuberculosis treatment, surgical treatment.
Curability
Small tuberculosis tumors may be cured by long-term drug treatment; large tuberculosis tumors are difficult to ensure the effect of anti-tuberculosis treatment due to the difficulty of drug penetration into the fibrous envelope.
Dietary advice
Give high protein, high calorie, high vitamin, easy to digest diet, eat more fresh fruits and vegetables.
Etiology
Epidemiology
Males are more common than females, more often younger than 40 years of age, and more often have a history of tuberculosis infection and exposure.
Etiology
Most tuberculoma evolves from secondary tuberculous lesions in the lungs.
Route of transmission
Droplet transmission.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Typical symptoms
The disease has an insidious onset and usually has no typical symptoms, which are recognized by the patient during occasional check-ups.
Diagnosis
The patient has a history of pulmonary tuberculosis without typical clinical manifestations, and round or oval calcified foci, peripheral satellite foci and thickening of adjacent pleura can be seen on X-ray and CT, and the diagnosis of patients with atypical manifestations on CT can be confirmed by histopathological examination.
Treatment
Treatment guidelines
Anti-tuberculosis drug treatment; Surgical resection is recommended for tuberculosis balls larger than 2cm in diameter.
Drug treatment
Patients should receive regular anti-tuberculosis drug treatment and regular review. Clinical experience has proved that most of the tuberculosis tumors are poorly treated by internal medicine.
Surgical treatment
Once the tuberculosis tumor is found, if there is no other active lesion in the lungs, it is recommended to implement surgical resection if the physical condition permits. After surgery, the patient should continue to receive regular anti-tuberculosis treatment for not less than 6 months to prevent recurrence.
Prognosis
Small TB tumors may be cured with long-term drug treatment; larger TB tumors are difficult to ensure the effectiveness of anti-tuberculosis treatment due to the difficulty of drug penetration into the fibrous envelope. Surgical treatment may cause great physical damage and has a poorer prognosis.
Questions you may be concerned about
Does a tuberculosis tumor 18mm need surgery?
Tuberculosis tumor 18mm generally do not need surgery, first drug treatment, treatment is ineffective or hemoptysis and other complications can choose surgical treatment.
Tuberculosis tumor is a kind of tuberculous spherical lesion, belongs to the special form of tuberculosis, the tumor body is wrapped with fibrous tissue and granulation tissue, and the nodular shadow of the lung will be found in the imaging examination.
If the tuberculosis tumor is 18mm, surgery is usually not needed, and the main treatment is anti-tuberculosis treatment, such as streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, etc., and multi-drug combination treatment for more than half a year, with regular review. If the tumor does not shrink after more than one year of treatment, tumor can not be excluded, or sputum bacteria are still positive and accompanied by hemoptysis and other symptoms, timely surgical treatment is needed.
If the tumor is larger than 30mm, it is difficult to heal and easy to liquefy to form a tuberculosis cavity, so it needs to be operated as soon as possible.
It should be noted that it is difficult to distinguish TB tumors from lung cancer on imaging. If the tuberculosis tumor has surgical indications, it is recommended to combine with the diagnosis of professional doctors, as soon as possible surgical resection treatment, but also to do further pathological examination, to clarify the nature of the lesion, and timely exclude the possibility of malignant lesions.
Tuberculosis tumor three centimeters need surgery?
Tuberculosis tumor three centimeters need surgery.
Tuberculosis tumor is a special manifestation of tuberculosis, not a real tumor, mainly due to the evolution of secondary tuberculosis in the lungs and the formation of tuberculosis tumor three centimeters, proving that the foci of the disease is relatively large, at this time the need for surgical resection treatment, so as not to aggravate the condition of the disease, therefore, three centimeters of the tuberculosis tumor need surgery.
It should be noted that, if the tuberculosis tumor is less than three centimeters, there is no need to carry out surgery, you can take isoniazid tablets, rifampicin tablets or ethambutol hydrochloride tablets and other drugs under the guidance of a professional doctor to carry out treatment. Family members should always accompany the patient and give the patient enough confidence, so that the patient can maintain a good attitude and actively cooperate with the doctor for treatment.
The patient should go to the hospital for regular checkups, and if there is any abnormality, the patient should consult the doctor immediately.
How to Treat Tuberculosis Tumor
Tuberculosis tumor, i.e. tuberculosis ball, is usually treated with medication and surgery.
This disease is a kind of secondary tuberculosis, often manifested as cough, sputum, hemoptysis, chest pain, etc. Clinical treatment according to the treatment of tuberculosis.
1. Drug treatment: isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, streptomycin, etc. are recommended.
2. Surgical treatment: for those who have poor or ineffective drug treatment, or those who have serious conditions, such as the emergence of multi-drug-resistant thick-walled cavities, large caseous foci, tuberculous pyothorax, hemoptysis, it is usually ineffective to choose surgical resection when the conservative drug treatment is ineffective.
Patients with TB tumors must standardize the use of medication under the guidance of a doctor, do not self-medicate or increase or decrease the amount of medication, stop medication and so on. Early diagnosis, early treatment, to avoid recurrence. The above drugs need to be standardized and rationally applied under the guidance of professional physicians and pharmacists.
Nursing care
Daily care
Pay attention to rest, avoid exertion, moderate activity, and keep a happy mood. Observe the changes in body and have regular checkups to prevent recurrence of tuberculosis.
Diet
Give high protein, high calorie, high vitamin, easy to digest diet, eat more fresh fruits and vegetables.