The x-ray features of the lower esophageal web differ from both the middle esophageal web and the lower esophageal ring. The proximal end of the web (cephalic end) shows symmetrical expansion of the esophagus and the distal end (esophageal vestibular area) shows a double concave surface. This is one of the clinical manifestations of oesophageal webbing and oesophageal rings. The oesophageal web and esophageal ring are easily confused with esophageal muscle contraction and stricture. Strictly speaking, oesophageal web is a thin (2-3 mm) and brittle web-like septum consisting of only the mucosa and submucosa in the lumen of the esophagus, which can be seen anywhere in the esophagus. The esophageal ring often refers to a thick, tough, narrow ring composed of the mucosal and muscular layers of the esophagus. It is difficult to distinguish between the two on X-ray, so the distinction between esophageal webs and rings should be based on symptoms, signs, X-ray signs esophageal manometry and endoscopic biopsy. Combined with endoscopic examination, they can be distinguished from esophageal cancer, inflammatory esophageal stricture and esophageal muscle contraction. 1.Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor in human, accounting for 2% of all malignant tumors and more than 90% of esophageal tumors, and ranking 2nd after gastric cancer in all retrospective surveys of malignant tumor deaths. It is estimated that about 200,000 people die of esophageal cancer worldwide every year, and China is a high incidence area of esophageal cancer, which is one of the most common malignant tumors that are extremely harmful to people’s life and health. It is one of the most common malignant tumors which is very dangerous to people’s life and health. However, in recent years, there is a growing trend for those under 40 years old. The occurrence of esophageal cancer is related to the chronic stimulation of nitrosamines, inflammation and trauma, genetic factors, and the content of trace elements in drinking water, food and vegetables. However, the exact cause is not well understood and needs to be researched and studied. 2, esophagitis Esophagitis is an inflammation of the esophageal mucosa due to abnormal stimulation of the superficial or deeper tissues of the esophagus, with edema and congestion of the esophageal mucosa. These stimuli include stomach acid, bile from duodenal regurgitation, strong alcohol, peppers, too hot vegetable soup, too hot tea, and so on. It can be divided into primary and secondary esophagitis. There are many causes of esophageal inflammation; such as severe vomiting, long-term placement of nasogastric tube or taking aspirin, strong acid and alkali, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or chemotherapy, radiation therapy patients or patients with reduced resistance to tuberculosis or Candida or viral infection resulting in esophagitis. 3, diffuse esophageal spasm Diffuse esophageal spasm is a disease of esophageal motility disorder, is a rare esophageal motility disorder, can cause dysphagia and chest pain lesions are mainly located in the lower and middle esophagus, manifested as normal esophageal propulsive peristalsis disappeared, replaced by strong non-propulsive continuous contraction, resulting in spiral or bead-like contraction of the esophagus.