Surgical treatment of refractory hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (Morrow surgery): About 3,000 obstructive patients in Europe and the United States underwent Morrow surgery, and the results of 40 years of follow-up proved that more than 95% of the obstructive cases that underwent surgery had good results. Although it is not a curative method, the current expert consensus – surgery is the gold standard for the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The surgical mortality rate is <1%, the immediate and permanent clinical improvement of symptoms, the decrease of pressure difference in the left ventricular outflow tract, the improvement of exercise stress response, and the life expectancy of patients in the surgical group is basically the same as that of the normal population, which is better than any other current treatment for obstruction. If coronary artery disease is present, coronary artery bypass grafting can be performed at the same time, but with increased surgical risk. Indications for surgery: ①Left ventricular outflow tract pressure difference (rest or excitation) ≥ 50 mm Hg; septal thickness) 18 mm; asymptomatic patients are considered for surgery only if the rest pressure difference is > 75 to 100 mm Hg. ②Severe clinical symptoms, such as exertional dyspnea, are not improved by medical treatment. It is currently advocated that the scope of surgery should be appropriately expanded on the basis of Morrow surgery. If there is abnormal mitral valve structure, repair or valve replacement can be performed at the same time.