Rehabilitation program (upper extremity) (1) Correct position: supine and semi-recumbent positions can be used in bed, changing position once every 3 hours. When lying on the affected side, the trunk should be rotated slightly backward, the back should be firmly supported by pillows, the upper limb on the affected side should be fully extended forward, the forearm should be rotated backward, and the elbow should be extended; when lying on the healthy side, the affected limb should be supported by pillows in front of the patient, so that the scapula is in the forward position and the elbow is extended; when lying on the supine side, the pillows should be padded under the scapula on the affected side, so that the scapula is in the forward position, and the upper limb on the affected side should also be padded with pillows, elbow extension, wrist dorsal extension and finger extension; when sitting: the arm should be supported on the table or on the armrest of the wheelchair. (2) Correction of scapular position: firstly, use the method of movement of the proximal end of the trunk to release the spasticity of the distal end of the scapula, such as turning over to the affected side, weight-bearing of the upper limb on the affected side, shifting the center of gravity to both sides, using the technique to move the scapula in the desired direction (so that the scapula is fully lifted and extended forward), and encouraging the patient to often use the healthy side of the hand to help the affected arm to do sufficient lifting movements. (3) Stimulate the muscles that stabilize the shoulder joint: Bobath’s grip and supination movement, weight-bearing movement of the upper extremity on the affected side in the sitting position. The affected arm is hyperextended and the therapist does a quick, repeated squeeze through the palm of the affected hand in the direction of the shoulder, and the therapist gently taps the relevant muscles with the hand. (4) Maintain normal range of motion of the shoulder joint: maintain passive mobility of the shoulder joint in all directions such as forward flexion, abduction, posterior extension, internal and external rotation as well as upward and external rotation of the scapula. During the activity, note that there should not be any pain in the shoulder joint and its surrounding structures, if there is, it indicates that some structures are damaged and the therapist must immediately change the method of support or correct the position of the scapula, or reduce the range of motion if the pain cannot be resolved. The principle is maximum passive range of motion in the absence of pain. The patient should also be assisted with bed exercises or transfers to a chair and postural placement in the prone and seated positions.